LC50 lethal concentration

Bd Wt = body weight Cardio = cardiovascular d = day(s) Endocr = endocrine F = female Gastro = gastrointestinal Hemato = hematological hr = hour(s) LC50 = lethal concentration, 50% kill LOAEL = lowest- observable-adverse-effect level M = male Musc/skel = musculoskeletal ... 

LC50 Lethal concentration 50% (dose required to kill half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration)... 

In all cases, the concentrations of malathion and fenitrothion measured in water (up to 5.8 and 1.2 pg/L, respectively) were below the LC50 (lethal concentration 50%) values reported for these compounds in oysters and mussels, which range between 2.7 and 278 mg/L in the case of malathion, and between 10.3 pg/L and 123 mg/L in the case of fenitrothion (http //www.pesticideinfo.org). However, it has to be stressed that these LC50 values express acute toxicity, that both malathion and fenitrothion might be bioaccumulated by molluscs (as their detection in biota suggests), and that aquatic organisms are exposed to a variety of contaminants, some of which could show synergetic or additive effects [40]. Further matters of... 

CEL = cancer effect Levei d = day Derm/oc = dermai/ocuiar Gd = gestation day Gn pig = guinea pig Hemato = hematoiogicai hr = hour LOAEL = Lowest-observed-adverse-effect level LC50 = lethal concentration, 50% kill mo = month NOAEL = no-observed-adverse-effecfc level Resp = respiratory wk = week... 

Levels of acute exposure resulting in animal deaths are generally lower than those reported for human patients under anesthesia however, the exposure durations are generally longer in the animal studies. An inhalation LC50 (lethal concentration, 50% kill) of 9,770 ppm for a 4-hour exposure was reported for... 

The environmental concentration of a stressor, either measured or estimated, is compared with an effect concentration such as an LC50 (lethal concentration to kill 50% of individuals in a theoretical population in a set period of time) or no observed effect concentration (NOEC) [31, 32]. These are simple ratios of single exposure and effects values and may be used to express hazard or relative safety. This deterministic method uses point estimates to represent one or more factors in a risk assessment and treats them as if they were fixed and precisely known [33]. The calculation of HQs... 

LC50 = lethal concentration, 50% kill LOAEL = lowest-observed-adverse-effect level NOAEL = no-observed-adverse-effect level Resp = respiratory... 

Figure 28.3 Distributions of acute toxicity values (LC- and EC-50s)a for simazine and terbutryn to aquatic plants and aquatic animals. a EC50 = effective concentration causing a specified effect in 50% of the tested population. LC50 = lethal concentration causing death in 50% of the population tested.

Figure 8.3 Schematic representation of copper concentrations relevant to freshwater studies and analytical windows of several analytical techniques. ASV, anodic stripping voltammetry CSV, cathodic stripping voltammetry ISE, ion selective electrode SLM, supported liquid membrane SWASV, square wave anodic stripping voltammetry LC50, lethal concentration for 50% of the population [Cu]t, total metal concentration (adapted from Langford and Gutzman, 1992).

LC50 Lethal concentration 50%, the concentration killing 50% of the test organisms. 

LC50 (lethal concentration killing 50 experimental animals) values are after 4 h exposure... 

LC50 (lethal concentration 50%). That quantity of a substance administered by inhalation that is necessary to kill 50% of test animals exposed to it within a specified time. The test applies not only to gases and vapors but to fumes, dusts, and other particulates suspended in air. 

Toxicity is objectively evaluated on the basis of test dosages made on experimental animals under controlled conditions. Most important of these are the LD50 (lethal dose, 50%) and the LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) tests, which include exposure of the animal to oral ingestion and inhalation of the material under test. A substance having an LD50of less than 400 mg/kg of body weight is considered very toxic. 

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