Layered nanostructure electrodeposition

Electrochemical oscillation during the Cu-Sn alloy electrodeposition reaction was first reported by Survila et al. [33]. They found the oscillation in the course of studies of the electrochemical formation of Cu-Sn alloy from an acidic solution containing a hydrosoluble polymer (Laprol 2402C) as a brightening agent, though the mechanism of the oscillatory instability was not studied. We also studied the oscillation system and revealed that a layered nanostructure is formed in synchronization with the oscillation in a self-organizational manner [25, 26]. 

Switzer et al. found that CU/CU2O layered nanostructures are electrodeposited with spontaneous potential oscillations from alkaline Cu(II)-lactate solution in a self-... 

Bohannan, E. W., Huang, L. Y Miller, F. S., Shumsky, M. G. and Switzer, J. A. (1999) In situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study of potential oscillations during the electrodeposition of CU/CU2O layered nanostructures. Langmuir, 15, 813—818. 

C.D. Gu, J.S. Lian, Q. Jiang, Layered nanostructured Ni with modulated hardness fabricated by surfactant-assistant electrodeposition. Scripta Mater. 57(3), 233-236 (2007)... 

The goal of this work was the characterization with PDEIS of Cd atomic layer electrodeposition on bulk tellurium and Te monolayer predeposited on gold. Cd upd on Te is an important stage of electrodeposition of CdTe nanostructures. Atomic level control of CdTe electrosynthesis is expected to enable wider application of electrochemical assembling of various micro- and nanodevices that use CdTe as an active semiconductor component. 

The planar order of nanostructures deposited by chemical routes has become an important issue, because of the competition with solid-state nanotechnology cap>able of the fabrication of fine two-dimensional structures. The main concern is with the layers of nanopartides produced by chemical self-assembly, because methods of electrostatic self-assembly and LB is not capable of producing two-dimensional ordered arrays of nanopartides. The features of the lateral arrangement of particles, which are buried under layers of either closely packed amphiphilic compounds or polymers, are usually smeared and difficult to observe. In the case of relatively thick (quasi-3D) films, produced by electrodeposition and sol-gel techniques, the morphology study usually reveals polycrystallites. Therefore, the quality of these materials can be assessed by the size of the crystallites and by the presence of preferential orientation, which may cause anisotropy of the electrical and optical prop>erties of materials. 

A number of strategies that involve incorporation of HRP into polyaniline have been described. Bartlett and coworkers [74] achieved this either via simple adsorption of HRP onto electrodeposited polyaniline or by electrodeposition of an insulating poly( 1,2-diamino benzene) film containing HRP onto polyaniline. Smyth and coworkers [75] have shown that immobilization of HRP into polyaniline can be achieved by electrostatic attraction. It has recently [76] been shown that the ability to nanostructure the polyaniline layer has a significant effect on the ability to subsequently immobilize the protein and then on sensor performance. Others [77] have immobilized HRP into a sulfonated polyani-line-polylysine complex. This approach is interesting in that all of the individual components are water soluble (poly(5-methoxyaniline-2-sulfonate (PMAS), polylysine, and HRP) and this could lead to some novel processing (fabrication routes). 

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