Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory LBNL

Soft X-ray absorption measurements are done at low-energy synchrotron X-ray facilities such as the UV ring at NSLS or the Advanced Photon Source (APS) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). The beam size is typically 1 mm in diameter. The electron yield data are usually obtained in the total electron yield (EY) mode, measuring the current from a channel electron multiplier (Channeltron). Sometimes a voltage bias is applied to increase surface sensitivity. This is referred to as the partial electron yield (PEY) mode. Huorescence yield (EY) data are recorded using a windowless energy dispersive Si (Li) detector. The experiments are conducted in vacuum at a pressure of 2 X 10 torr. 

The thermometers were developed and produced at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) and UC Berkeley Department of Material Science they are unique in their uniformity of response. The Te02 crystals are produced by the Shanghai Quinhua Material Company (SQM) in Shanghai, China, which will supply also the 750 g TeOz crystals for CUORE. 

Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg proposed the term actinide for the new heavy elements that were predicted to follow the lanthanide series (Z-57 to Z-71). Dr. Seaborg believed that the actinides would be difficult to discover, and he proposed they would be trivalent homo-logues to the elements in the lanthanide series in which the 4f orbitals would be filled. His team at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), located at the University of California s Berkeley campus, separated Z-95 (americium) and Z-96 (curium) as trivalent homologues of two of the elements in the lanthanide series located just above them in the periodic table. 

Abstract The complex tetra(imidazole)chlorocopper(II) chloride, [Cu(imidazole)4Cl]Cl, has been synthesized, and the structure has heen determined at the Small Crystal X-ray Crystallography Beamline (11.3.1) of the Advanced Light Source (ALS) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), USA. Structural parameters of the parent complex are compared to similar materials previously reported in the literature. The particles in the present study can be used to prepare nanoparticle materials, or, by controlled growth, can be formed as nanoparticles initially. The structural data are important for making detailed calculations, models, and deriving reaction mechanisms involving metal ion-based biochemical systems. 

These experiments resulted in the identification of elements 107 to 112 at the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung, GSI, in Darmstadt, and in the recent synthesis of elements 114 and 116 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, JINR, in Dubna. We also report on a search for element 118, which started in 1999 at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, LBNL, in Berkeley. In subsequent sections a theoretical description follows discussing properties of nuclei in the region of SHEs and phenomena, which influence the yield for the synthesis of SHEs. Empirical descriptions of hot and cold fusion nuclear reaction systematic are outlined. Finally, a summary and outlook is given. 

Interactions between thick (ca. 10-20 nm) films of THF condensed on Al(lll) as a function of temperature have been studied by Ross et al. at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) by using both XPS and UPS [31]. The C(ls) and O(ls) XPS spectra, as seen in the left and right panels of Figure 19, showed at 135 K features resembling those observed at CWRU for TDF/ Ag(poly), as described in section II.C.l. 

Hazama Corporation, Japan Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Sweden Commissariat a I Energie Atomique (CEA), France ) Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC), Canada Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire (IRSN), France Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), USA INERIS-LAEGO, France... 

Earth Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA,... 

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Isotopes Project http //ie.lbl.gov (accessed August 25, 2010). The purpose of the Isotopes Project is to gather, evaluate, and disseminate data regarding neutron capture and radioactive decay as well as developing new techniques to distribute the data. 

Superheavy elements are defined as the transactinide elements—elements with an atomic number greater than 103. The current production of new superheavy elements takes place mostly at four locations around the world the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) at Berkeley, California the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (GSI) at Darmstadt, Germany the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) at Dubna, Russia and the Superheavy Element Laboratory of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) at Nishina, Japan. As of 2012, the discoveries of elements 113-118 have all been reported. The discoveries of four of these elements, however, are still awaiting independent confirmation from the other laboratories. 

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