Laurie oils

The identity of the moiety (other than glycerol) esterified to the phosphoric group determines the specific phosphoHpid compound. The three most common phosphoHpids in commercial oils are phosphatidylcholine or lecithin [8002-45-5] (3a), phosphatidylethanolamine or cephalin [4537-76-2] (3b), and phosphatidjlinositol [28154-49-7] (3c). These materials are important constituents of plant and animal membranes. The phosphoHpid content of oils varies widely. Laurie oils, such as coconut and palm kernel, contain a few hundredths of a percent. Most oils contain 0.1 to 0.5%. Com and cottonseed oils contain almost 1% whereas soybean oil can vary from 1 to 3% phosphoHpid. Some phosphoHpids, such as dipaLmitoylphosphatidylcholine (R = R = palmitic R" = choline), form bilayer stmetures known as vesicles or Hposomes. The bdayer stmeture can microencapsulate solutes and transport them through systems where they would normally be degraded. This property allows their use in dmg deHvery systems (qv) (8). 

Laurie monoethanolamide, hydrolytic stability, 2 455t Laurie oils/fats, 10 814, 825 fatty acid composition, 5 56t in soap making, 22 732-734, 735 Lauryl alcohol... 

TABLE 2. (b) Typical Fatty Acid Composition (%wt) of Laurie Oils. 

Laurie Oils There are two major lauric oils—coconut oil and palm-kernel oil. Both are tropical oils, and both are tree crops. They differ from all other commodity oils in their higher level of medium chain acids, especially lauric, and slightly from one another as shown in Table 2(b). They find limited use in food products and are used extensively in the production of surface-active compounds. For more information, see Sections 5.3 and 5.10. 

J. L. Airanza, in Proceedings of the World Conference and Exhibition on Laurie Oils, Manila, Philippines, February 20-25, 1994, p. 4. 

Vegetable Oils Rape/Soybean Corn/Sun Palm Laurie Oils... 

Laurie oils contain mostly S3 while cocoa butter contains mainly S2U and both melt sharply, although over different temperature ranges. The usual reason for the use of interesterification on vegetable oils is to reduce the tail of the SFC/temperature curve and so improve mouth feel. Accordingly, it has been applied to HPKO and HPKOo to make them more similar to PKOs. The problem is that the cost of interesterification comes on top of that of hydrogenation and PKOs still has a much better SFC profile as a CBS. 

Lit FatSci.Technol. 96,23 (1994). Applewhite(ed.). Proceedings of the World Conference on Laurie Oils Sources, Processing, and Applications, Champaign AOCS Press 1994 Lipid Technol. 1994 (3), 61. gen. see fats and oils. 

Together with palm kernel oil and babassu oil, coconut oil forms the group of important laurie oils. They eontain >40% of lauric acid and ca. 15% of... 

Coconut Cocos nucifera) 65-68 Cooking, margarine Laurie oil, soap, detergents... 

Haumann, B.F. (1992) Laurie oils have their own niche. INFORM 3, 1080-1093. 

Glycerine esters of Laurie acid are an essential part of Laurie oil which naturally occurs, e.g. in palm-oil and coco-nutoil the latter contain in contrary to other plant-oils high amounts of glyceryl laureates (40-50%) and are used for the production of Laurie acid by saponification, followed by destination. The antimicrobial acitivity of Laurie acid is negligible. The acid is mentioned here, as it is part of the microbicide Lauricidin (9.8. = glyceryl monolaurate). 

FE Friedh, MM Watts, A Domsch, P Frank, RD Pifer. In Proceedings of the World Conference on Laurie Oils. Champaign, IL AOCS Press, 1994, pp 133-136. 

Laurie oils are also called medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). Such oils are coconut, - palmkemel, - babassu oil and some - cuphea species. Fatty acid chainlength is in the range of Cs and C14 with a peak at C12. They have low unsaturation. They are used in - food and in - soap manufacture. Derivatives find outlets in - surfactants. 

Laurie 12 Spermaceti, cinnamon, palm kernel, coconut oils, laurels, butter... 

Laurie, myristic, palmitic, and stearic fatty acids make up most of the saturated fatty acids found in fats. Oleic acid, linoleic acid, and linolenic acid are the most abundant unsaturated fatty acids found in oils. 

Dodecanoic Laurie C12 0 High in seed fat of Lauraceae, present in milk, vegetable oils, nuts... 

Condie LW, Laurie RD, Mills T, et al. 1986. Effect of gavage vehicle on hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride in CD-I mice corn oil versus Tween-60 aqueous emulsion. Fundam AppI Toxicol 7 199- 206. 

Laurie acid incorporation. Laurie acid (50%) from the oil, administered to rats for 6 weeks, produced no significant difference between the experimental distribution of triacylglycerol types and the random distribution, calculated from the total fatty acid composition . 

Laurie acid n-Dodecanoic acid 12 Palmkemel oil, nutmeg... 

In the USA rotation furnaces built according to the Laury design (see Fig. 112) are frequently used. The basic feature is a horizontal rotating drum. At one end of the drum combustion chamber A is placed on a movable truck. The chamber is heated by oil. The drum is divided into two sections of different... 

Lipase splits fatty acids from glycerol to produce free fatty acids, for example, butyric acid. If the original fat is butterfat then at low levels this produces a buttery or creamy flavour. As the free fatty acid content is increased, this strengthens the flavour to cheesy . Normally in toffees free butyric acid is not a problem at any practical level, possibly because of losses during cooking. Other free fatty acids have different flavours. Laurie acid, which is found in nuts, tastes of soap. This is not too surprising as soap often contains sodium laurate. Laurie fat sources, such as hardened palm kernel oil, are often used as a substitute for butter another potential source is nuts, which are sometimes combined with toffee. In any of these cases, lipolytic activity can shorten the shelf life of the product or render it totally unacceptable. 

Dodecanoic Laurie 42.2 Widely occurring, major acid in some seed fats, e.g., coconut oil and palm kernel oil. 

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