Lateral growth rate

Transport term , i.e. the rate at which molecules arrive at the surface Apportioning factor proportion of the bulk free energy released during stem deposition Lateral growth rate of a sector Strain surface free energy... 

They were evaluated from our analysis of the primary nucleation and lateral growth rates and that of the l dependence to the melting temperature Tm using the Gibbs-Thomson equation. Insertion of the parameters given by Eq. 20 into Eq. 6 shows that the shape of a nucleus is a long thin rectangular parallelepiped with the ratio of... 

The lateral growth rate (V) of crystals of linear chain polymers strongly depends on molecular weight (M) [37]. Although the M dependence of V of folded chain crystals (FCCs) of polymers has been rather well studied, it is still an important unresolved problem. Magill et al. presented an experimental formula, V ocM-0-5, for poly (tetramethyl-p-silpenyline siloxane), poly (ethylene terephthalate), etc [38]. 

The lateral growth rates (Vs) of FCSCs for samples 11 K, 29 K, and 100 K were plotted against 1/A T in Fig. 22. They gave straight lines and breaking points, therefore the well-known experimental formula, V =Vq exp(- B/AT)... 

Psarski et al. reported the effects of the entanglement on the lateral growth of PE [51]. They showed that the lateral growth rate of the spherulite V from the melt of ECSCs is larger than that from the melt of FCCs. They explained this with a model where ve of the melt of ECSCs may be smaller than that of the melt of FCCs. However, they did not show the ve dependence of V. 

Since we have shown in our previous study that U is proportional to the lateral growth rate V [8], we have the following equation,... 

Power laws of molecular weight of the primary and lateral growth rates,... 

Mori, Y.H. (2001). Estimating the thickness of hydrate films from their lateral growth rates application of a simplified heat transfer model. J. Crystal Growth, 223, 206-... 

In this regime, the lateral growth rate (g) is significantly greater than the secondary nucleation rate (i), so that the latter is rate-determining for the growth rate (G). For g i, the whole substrate is covered by stems as soon as the first stem is nucleated. Thus, monolayers are added one by one. If Lp is the substrate... 

If the lateral growth rate g is comparable or smaller than the nucleation rate i, then further layers are deposited before the first layer is fully formed [as sketched in Fig. 1.15(c)]. Under these circumstances (regime II), the hnear growth rate is given by... 

Fig. 4.2.4 Lateral growth rate of the tabular grains (particles B) as a function of [particles Al/[particles B] at pBr 1.52 and 70°C, where [particles B] was changed while [particles A] is fixed. (From Ref. 2.)...

Fig. 5.33 Growth of a lamellar crystal according to the Lauritzen-Hoffmann (Lauritzen and Hoffmann 1960) theory. The lateral growth rate is denoted g and the linear growth...

The shape of growing 3D Me crystallites determines the general structure and morphology of the metal deposit. The shape of crystallites in the deposit is determined, in the simplest case, by the nucleation rate and the normal and lateral growth rates. Different limiting cases can be considered ... 

The phenomenological classification of compact 3D Me deposits by Fischer (cf. Section 6.1) can be related to the nucleation and growth parameters discussed above. For example, the field-oriented isolation (FI) and texture (FT) types are caused by electric field-enhanced normal growth, the base-oriented reproduction (B t3 e corresponds to a relatively low nucleation rate and comparable normal and lateral growth rates, and the randomly-oriented dispersion (RD) type to an enhanced nucleation rate. 

Figure 3 Lateral growth rate of CO2 hydrate fdm as a function of supercooling...

Figure 5 Lateral growth rate of CO2 hydrate film v/treha) funCtion of supercooling AT and for various trehalose concentrations. Dotted line and solid line indicate the previous data on pure water and 10 wt% NaCl solution, respectively.

The inhibition effects of type-III AFP and trehalose, two cryoprotecting materials produced in animals, on type-I CO2 clathrate-hydrates were examined. For comparison with the results of a previous study in which the lateral growth rates of COi-hydrate film were dependent on temperature, pressure and NaCl concentration, the solution droplet was observed in a high pressure vessel filled with CO2. Type-III AFP was found to increase the induction period and to reduce the lateral growth rate of C02-hydrate films. It worked well at low concentrations, indicating that AFP works as a kinetic inhibitor. It was also indicated that AFP would weaken the memory effect of C02-hydrate formation. Trehalose had similar inhibition effects on both the induction period and the lateral growth rate, but it had little apparent concentration-dependence on them. Since trehalose also causes the equilibrium conditions of the CO2 hydrate to shift to lower temperatures, it works not only as a thermodynamic inhibitor but also as a kinetic inhibitor, especially as an anti-agglomerant. 

The dramatic change in the seed layer morphology at different growth pressures is due to different nucleation energy and lateral growth rate. 

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