Laser scanning experiment

The investigations of N0 reveal two classes of results. On the one hand we find a confirmation or the prepared experimental situation. We obtain expected results. On the other hand nearly all experiments reveal more "structure" than expected. The unexpected experimental results are in disagreement with the conventional description of the prepared experimental situation. For instance in the "laser scanning" experiment we expect a saturation resonance whose width depends on the light intensity and approaches the value (2nXj, ) 5 kHz for vanishing light intensity. The amplitude of this resonance is expected to depend primarily on the population hole in the lower state. However, the experimental results are very different from these expectations. Experimental errors can be excluded. The same experiments are also performed on I2 with the same experimental apparatus. 

We thank Dr. Jerome and Dr. Nahde for helping with the cell culture and animal experiments and Dr. Merdan for the confocal laser scanning microscopy experiments. We would also like to thank vectron therapeutics... 

Owing to the simphcity and versatility of surface-initiated ATRP, the above-mentioned AuNP work may be extended to other particles for their two- or three-dimensionally ordered assemblies with a wide controllabiUty of lattice parameters. In fact, a dispersion of monodisperse SiPs coated with high-density PMMA brushes showed an iridescent color, in organic solvents (e.g., toluene), suggesting the formation of a colloidal crystal [108]. To clarify this phenomenon, the direct observation of the concentrated dispersion of a rhodamine-labeled SiP coated with a high-density polymer brush was carried out by confocal laser scanning microscopy. As shown in Fig. 23, the experiment revealed that the hybrid particles formed a wide range of three-dimensional array with a periodic structure. This will open up a new route to the fabrication of colloidal crystals. 

The experiments have been performed on a setup that used the ps-OPO-based CARS system described above and a femtosecond Tiisapphire laser in conjunction with a commercial laser scanning microscope (Carl Zeiss, model LSM-510). The peripheral nerve samples were gained from C57/B6 wild-type mice. After removing the skin from the lower extremities from freshly sacrificed mice, the saphenous nerve is exposed as it runs very conveniently for excision along the saphenous vein, without too much additional fatty tissue and a favorable tissue thickness of less than 20 m. A 500- m long piece is excised and freed from additional fatty tissue as well as the collagenous nerve sheath. The myelinated nerve tissue is fixed for 3-5 hr in 4% PEA or 10% formalin and mounted on 100-pm thick coverslips that are treated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or a chromium potassium sulfate solution. After... 

Equations (16) and (17) describe second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG) of one laser beam with a single polarization. Self-phase modulation (SPM) of a single laser beam is described in Eq.(18) as e.g. employed in z-scan experiments [6]. Equation (19) is the cross-phase modulation (XPM) process between two laser beams and Eq.(20) describes the four wave mixing with degenerate frequencies (DFWM). 

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