Laser-excited atomic fluorescence

Electron diffraction spectroscopy ETA LEAFS Electrothermal atomisation laser-excited atomic fluorescence... 

LEAFS Laser-excited atomic fluorescence scattering... 

Yuzefovsky et al. [241] used Cis resin to preconcentrate cobalt from seawater prior to determination at the ppt level by laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry with graphite electrothermal atomiser. 

Laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry has been used to determine down to 1 ng/1 of lead in seawater [359]. 

Cobalt Co(III) adsorbed on C18 bonded silica Laser excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry - [241]... 

F. R. Prell, Jr.. J. T. McCaffrey. M. D. Seltzer, and R. G. Michel. "Instrumentation for Zeeman Electrothermal Atomizer Laser Excited Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry,"... 

Fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of the two sodium D lines in an air-acetylene flame, (a) In the excitation spectrum, the laser was scanned, (to) In the emission spectrum, the monochromator was scanned. The monochromator slit width was the same for both spectra. [From s. J. Weeks, H. Haraguchl, and J. D. Wlnefordner, Improvement of Detection Limits in Laser-Excited Atomic Fluorescence Flame Spectrometry," Anal. Chem. 1976t 50,360.]... 

Walton et al. [269] separated organomanganese and organotin compounds by high performance liquid chromatography using laser excited atomic fluorescence in a flame as a high sensitivity detector. 

Graphite furnace AAS Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy Inductively-coupled-plasma optical-emission spectroscopy Glow-discharge optical-emission spectroscopy Laser-excited resonance ionization spectroscopy Laser-excited atomic-fluorescence spectroscopy Laser-induced-breakdown spectroscopy Laser-induced photocoustic spectroscopy Resonance-ionization spectroscopy... 

Laser-excited atomic-fluorescence spectroscopy LEAFS... 

F9. Fraser, L. M., and Winefordner, J. D., Laser-excited atomic fluorescence flame spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 43, 1693-1696 (1971). 

Laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry allowed for the determination of Pb in Vostok deep ice cores with a precision of 20% (63, 64). Values of 2-40 pg g were measured for ages spanning the 155,000-26,000 years BP. The technique permitted sample volumes as low as 20 pi to be dealt with without any preliminary treatment, thus greatly facilitating contamination control. 

C. F. Boutron, M. A. Bolshov, V. G. Koloshnikov, C. C. Patterson, N. 1. Barkov, Direct determination of lead in Vostok Antarctic ancient ice by laser excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry. Atm. Environ., 24A (1990), 1797-1800. 

Laser Excited Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (LEAFS) (40, 41, 46-48), Thermal Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) (6, 42, 43, 45, 49-53), Electrothermal Atomization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ETA-AAS) (24, 28, 54, 55), Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (DPASV) (27, 49, 56, 57),... 

Laser Excited Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (LEAFS) Bi, Cd, Pb (40, 41, 46-48)... 

Laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry is capable of extremely low detection limits, particularly when combined with electrothermal atomization. Detection limits in the femtogram (10 g) to attogram (10 g) range have been shown for many elements. Commercial instrumentation has not been developed for laser-based AFS, probably because of its expense and the nonroutine nature of high-powered lasers. Atomic fluorescence has the disadvantage of being a singleelement method unless tunable lasers with their inherent complexities are used. 

Hanselman D. S., Withnell R. and Hieetje G. M. (1991) Side-on photomultiplier gating system for Thomson scattering and laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectroscopy,... 

Cavalli P. and Omenetto N. (1990) Optimization of laser excited atomic fluorescence in a graphite furnace for the determination of thallium, Spedrochim Acta, Part B 45 1369-1373. 

Bolshov M. A., Rudniev S. N., Rudnieva A. A., Boutron C. F. and Hong S. (1997) Determination of heavy metals in polar snow and ice by laser excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry with electrothermal atomization in a graphite cup, Spedrochim Acta, Part B 52 1535-1544. 

Smith B. W., Quentmeier A., Bolshov M. and Niemax K. (1999) Measurement of uranium isotope ratios in solid samples using laser ablation and diode laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry, Spectrochim Acta, Part B 54 943—958. 

Aucfiio RQ, Rubin NV, Smith bw and wine-EOEDNEE JD (1998) Ultratracc determination of Pt in environmental and biologcal samples by electrothermal atomization laser-excited atomic fluorescence using a copper vapor laser pumped dye. J Anal Atom Spectrom 13 49-54. 

The application of microtron photon activation analysis with radiochemical separation in environmental and biological samples was described by Randa et al. (2001), and both flame and plasma emission spectroscopic methods are also widely used. A more recently developed technique is that of laser-excited atomic fluorescence spectrometry (LEAFS) (Cheam et al. 1998). 

Dougherty, J.P., Preli, F.R., and Michel, R.G. (1989) Laser-excited atomic-fluorescence spectrometry in an electrothermal atomizer with zeeman background correction. Talanta, 36, 151-159. 

An example of the use of lasers in optimizing analyte detection is provided by the technique of laser excited atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (leafs). The detection of subfemtogram amounts of cadmium, thaUium, and lead has been reported (40). In this experiment, the sample of interest is first volatilized in a plasma (see Plasma technology) and then tuned photons from one or two dye lasers excite the analyte. When these atoms or ions relax, the resulting fluorescence signal is shunted into a photomultipHer for detection. Attomole detection levels are achievable using this technique. Continued advances in complex, multilaser spectroscopic determinations are expected to result in even lower levels of detection. 

Graphite Furnace Laser-excited Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (GF-LEAFS)... 

The comparison of detection limits Is a fundamental part of many decision-making processes for the analytical chemist. Despite numerous efforts to standardize methodology for the calculation and reporting of detection limits, there is still a wide divergence In the way they appear in the literature. This paper discusses valid and invalid methods to calculate, report, and compare detection limits using atomic spectroscopic techniques. Noises which limit detection are discussed for analytical methods such as plasma emission spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy and laser excited atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. 

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