Laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Jackson SE, Gunther D (2003) The nature and sources of laser induced isotopic fractionation in laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. J Anal At Spectrom 18 205-212 Jiang S-J, Houk RS, Stevens MA (1988) Alleviation of overlap interferences for determination of potassium isotope ratios by Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 60 1217-1220 Lam JWH, Horlick G (1990) A comparison of argon and mixed gas plasmas for inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Spectrochim Acta Part B 45 1313-1325 Langmuir I, Kingdon KH(1925) Thermionic effects caused by vapours of alkali metals. Phil Trans R Soc A107 61-79... 

Pearson N. J., Alard O., Griffin W. L., Jackson S. E., and O Reilly S. (2002) In situ measurement of Re-Os isotopes in mantle sulfides by laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry anaytical methods and preliminary results. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66, 1037-1050. 

LA-MC-ICP-MS Laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry... 

Copeland, S.R., Sponheimer, M., Le Roux, P.X, Grimes, V, Lee-Thorp, X A., De Ruiter, D.X, Richards, M.P. (2008) Strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) of tooth enamel a comparison of solution and laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry methods. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 22(20), 3187-3194. 

Gehrels, G.E., Valencia, V.A., and Ruiz, J. (2008) Enhanced precision, accuracy, efficiency, and spatial resolution of U-Pb ages by laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q03017. 

J.C. (2010) Application of laser ablation multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for tbe measurement of caldum and lead isotope ratios in packaging for discriminatory purposes. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 24, 1993—1999. 

Jackson, S. E. and Gtlnther, D. (2003) The nature and sources of laser induced isotopic fractionation in laser ablation-multicollector-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 18, 205-12. 

The corabination of an inductively coupled plasma ion source and a magnetic sector-based mass spectrometer equipped with a multi-collector (MC) array [multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS)] offers precise and reliable isotope ratio data for many solid elements. In fact, MC-ICP-MS provides data, the trueness (accuracy) and precision of which is similar to, or, in some cases, even superior to, that achieved by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), considered the benchmark technique for isotope ratio measurements of most solid elements [1], The basic strength of ICP-MS lies in the ion source, which achieves extremely high ionization efficiency for almost all elements [2, 3]. Consequently, MC-ICP-MS is likely to become the method of choice for many geochemists, because it is a versatile, user-friendly, and efficient method for the isotopic analysis of trace elements [4-8], The ICP ion source also accepts dry sample aerosols generated by laser ablation [9-16], The combination of laser ablation (LA) with ICP-MS is now widely accepted as a sensitive analytical tool for the elemental and isotopic analysis of solid samples. 

Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is now such an important technique in archaeology, as elsewhere, that we devote a whole chapter to it. There are now a number of different ICP MS modes of operation (solution analysis, laser ablation, multicollector, high resolution) this chapter provides a general overview. Further description of the instrumentation for ICP MS may be found in Harris (1997) and Montaser (1998). Some general applications of solution ICP MS are discussed by Date and Gray (1989), Platzner (1997), and Kennett et al. (2001). 

Shepherd Chenery (1995) pioneered the laser ablation ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) method of analyzing individual fluid inclusions. An UV laser ablation microprobe is used to drill a hole into a mineral, to reach an inclusion up to 60/zm below the sample surface. For the laser ablation procedure the sample is placed in a modified thermal vacuum cell. The elevated temperature in the ablation cell raises the internal vapor pressure of the inclusion, which causes instantaneous rupture and highly efficient fluid expulsion as the beam breaches the inclusion wall. The vacuum pulls the vaporized fluid into the ICP-MS, where it is analyzed for major and minor ion concentrations. The advantages of the ICP-MS method are the small spot size of the laser (<2 m), allows analysis of small inclusions (> 10/zm) in a variety of minerals (halite, calcite, quartz, and others). A wide range of ions can be analyzed simultaneously, including low concentrations of minor ions. With multicollector ICP-MS, it will be possible to analyze strontium isotopes and other stable isotopes (5 C, S 0, S S) in fluid inclusions. Laser ablation ICP-MS is not as precise as other methods ( 30%) and the results can only be reported as ionic ratios as the volume of an inclusion cannot be determined prior to analysis. However, if the concentration... 

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