Larynx spasm

Hydrogen chloride in air is an irritant, severely affecting the eye and the respiratory tract. The inflammation of the upper respiratory tract can cause edema and spasm of the larynx. The vapor in the air, normally absorbed by the upper respiratory mucous membranes, is lethal at concentrations of over 0.1% in air, when exposed for a few minutes. HCl is detectable by odor at 1—5 ppm level and becomes objectionable at 5—10 ppm. The maximum concentration that can be tolerated for an hour is about 0.01% which, even at these levels, causes severe throat irritation. The maximum allowable concentration under normal working conditions has been set at 5 ppm. 

Uses. Diazepam is one of the oldest medications for treating muscle spasms, and has been used extensively in treating spasms associated with musculoskeletal injuries such as acute low-back strains. Diazepam has also been used to control muscle spasms associated with tetanus toxin the use of valium in this situation can be life-saving as well by inhibiting spasms of the larynx and other muscles.51,65... 

Adverse effects noted with the anesthetic use of ketamine include the sudden loss of respiratory function, spasms of the trachea or larynx, and vomiting. Literature on the emergency treatment of ketamine overdose is rare. Clinical recommendations advise making sure the airway is clear, that breathing is continually monitored, and that the heart rate remains steady. 

Severe skin irritant. Harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin extremely destructive to the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes, and skin. Inhalation may be fatal as a result of spasm, inflammation, and edema of larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis, and pulmonary edema. Skin cancers produced in animals.2 An experimental carcinogen by oral, subcutaneous, intratracheal, and dermal routes.3 Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.4 Prevent contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Prevent inhalation of vapor.5 TLV-TWA 0.5 ppm (1.5 mg/m3).6... 

Hydrogen chloride is not nearly as toxic as HF, although inhalation can cause spasms of the larynx as well as pulmonary edema and even death at high levels. Because of its high affinity for water, HC1 vapor tends to dehydrate tissue of the eyes and respiratory tract. Hydrochloric acid is a natural physiological fluid found as a dilute solution in the stomachs of humans and other animals. 

For the respiratory tract, inhalation can cause spasms, inflammation and edema of the larynx and bronchi, dyspnea, cyanosis, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema. Serious symptoms, such as pulmonary edema and asphyxiation, may not be observed for hours after overexposure. Occasionally, cardiac failure occurs as a complication of severe pulmonary edema. With regards to the cardiovascular system, diphosgene can cause rapid heartbeat and hypotension. Gastrointestinal exposure may cause nausea and vomiting in patients and may be fatal. 

Contact with propylene oxide may cause severe skin and eye irritation. Cases of allergic contact dermatitis and hand eczema have been described. Inhalation of propylene oxide may result in spasm, inflammation, and edema of the larynx and bronchi, as well as pulmonary edema leading to pneumonia. Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, headache, nausea, and vomiting. Propylene oxide may cause central nervous system depression and other neurological disorders. 

Rhinorrhoca, often profuse, is commonly seen after vapour exposure. Epistaxis may occur in severely affected patients. Inflammation and ulceration of the palate, nasopharynx, oropharynx and larynx follow, the voice becomes hoarse and temporary aphonia may occur. Reports from World War I suggest that laryngeal oedema and/or spasm sufficiently severe to necessitate tracheostomy occurred very seldom. 

HUMAN HEALTH RISKS Acute Risks spasms inflammation and edema of the larynx and bronchi chemical pneumonitis pulmonary edema destructive to mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract, eyes, skin coughing wheezing laryngitis headaches nausea Chronic Risks serious nervous system impairment with narcotic effects. 

HEALTH SYMPTOMS inhalation (spasm, inflammation and edema of the larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema, conjunctiva irritation, and olfactory changes) skin absorption (blindness, lung damage, emphysema, gynecological effects) contact (mucous membrane irritant, respiratory sensitizer, skin damage). 

ACUTE HEALTH RISKS irritation of eyes, nose, throat inflammation or edema of the larynx laryngeal spasm dyspnea bronchospasm frostbite death in high exposures. 

SY Irrit nose, throat, larynx cough, choking derm solution eye. skin burns liquid frostbite in animals lar spasm pulm edema TO Eyes, skin, resp sys ... 

Isocyanates spasms of the larynx, pulmonary edema Cough, dyspnea Asthma, reduced pulmonary... 

A. Formaldehyde causes precipitation of proteins and will oause ooagulation necrosis of exposed tissue. The gas is highly water soluble and when Inhaled produces immediate local irritation of the upper respiratory traot and has been reported to cause spasm and edema of the larynx. 

Toxicol y LD50 (oral, rat) 1200 mg/kg, (dermal, rat) 1280 mg/kg mod. toxic by ing. and skin contact harmful by inh. corrosive causes bums primary irritant severe skin and eye irritant inh. may cause spasm, inflammation and edema of larynx and bronchi, chemical pneumonitis, pulmonary edema may cause burning sensation, coughing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea, vomiting TSCA list Environmental LC50 (zebra fish, 96 h) 1000 mg/l EC50 (daphnia ma-gna, 24 h) 280 mg/l... 

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