Lagoons, wastewater treatment using

Other variations of activated sludge such as deep shaft high-rate activated sludge and sequencing batch reactor (SBR) have been used for refinery wastewater treatment. A refined deep shaft process has been installed and in operation at the Chevron refinery in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, since 1996 [45]. In the course of a recent wastewater treatment upgrade, a BP refinery on the eastern Australian coast converted an existing lagoon to an SBR system [46]. 

Aeration basins are wastewater ponds or lagoons that have air introduced by mechanical action. Aeration may be performed to assist aerobic bioremediation and/or to remove volatile organic compounds. In an aeration basin, oxygen is usually supplied by surface aerators or by diffused aeration units. The action of the aerators and that of the rising air bubbles from the diffuser is used to keep the contents of the basin in suspension. Aeration is widely used in wastewater treatment and can be adapted to treat groundwater. 

Fermentation vessels tend to be large because reaction rates are low. Typical batch reaction times are measured in days. Freely suspended mammalian cells are cultivated in conventionally agitated reactors up to 20,000 L in volume. Ethanol production with freely suspended yeast uses vessels 100 times larger, and wastewater treatment by the activated sludge process or in lagoons can be larger by another factor of 100. 

Lagoon - In wastewater treatment or livestock facilities, a shallow pond used to store wastewater where sunlight and biological activity decompose the waste. 

Uses Defoamer for aq. systems incl. food processing, inks, insecticides, latex processing, lagoon aeration, boiler water, swimming pools, wastewater treatment, carpet cleaning Properties Water-disp. 

Some fixed filtration systems are relatively inexpensive. For example, constructed wetlands and sand filters are generally the most successful methods of polishing the treated wastewater effluent from lagoons. These systems have also been used with more traditional, engineered primary treatment technologies such as septic tanks and primary clarifiers. In such constructed wetlands, the system utilizes the roots of plants to provide substrate for the growth of attached bacteria, which utilize the nutrients present in the effluents and for the transfer of oxygen. 

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