Lactose 1-phosphate

Both the a- and jS-forms of lactose 1-phosphate have been prepared (230), The a-lactose 1-phosphate was synthesized by phosphorylating hepta-0-acetyl-a-lactosyl bromide with silver diphenyl phosphate. For the preparation of the jS-form of this ester monosilver phosphate was used as a phosphorylating agent 192),... 

Kumar, F. A., Ferchmin, P. A. and Caputto, R. 1965. Isolation and identification of a lactose phosphate ester from cow colostrum. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 20, 60-62. 

Hengstenberg, W., Egan, J. B. and Morse, M. L. 1967. Carbohydrate transport in Staphylococcus aureus. V. The accumulation of phosphorylated carbohydrate derivatives and evidence for a new enzyme-splitting lactose phosphate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 58, 274-279. 

No. Polymer % Lactose Phosphate Cellulose % % % Drug substance % Responses ... 

The resulting lactose phosphate was also hydrolyzed by a specific phosphatase, This reaction course was confirmed by tracer experiments . ... 

Reductive amination of AT-succinyl chitosan and lactose using sodium cyanoborohydride in a phosphate buffer (pH 6.0) for 6 days was suitable for the preparation of lactosaminated M-succinyl chitosan (Fig. 3). Over 10% of dose/g-tissue was distributed to the prostate and lymph nodes at 48 h postadministration in both chitosan and lactosaminated N-succinyl chitosan. The labeled lactosaminated M-succinyl chitosan was easily distributed into not only the liver but also prostate, intestine, preputial gland and lymph nodes [153]. 

The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternative route for the metabolism of glucose. It does not generate ATP but has two major functions (1) The formation of NADPH for synthesis of fatty acids and steroids and (2) the synthesis of ribose for nucleotide and nucleic acid formation. Glucose, fructose, and galactose are the main hexoses absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, derived principally from dietary starch, sucrose, and lactose, respectively. Fructose and galactose are converted to glucose, mainly in the liver. 

In a later study [133] the effect of disintegrants on hydrochlorothiazide dissolution from both soluble (anhydrous lactose) and insoluble" (dicalcium phosphate) fillers was compared for different lubricant levels and tamping forces (instrumented Zanasi LZ-64 machine). Statistical analysis of this multivariable study revealed all main factors and their interactions to... 

Harrison, Tarr and Hibbert96 investigated the production of levan from sucrose by the action of Bacillus subtilis Cohn and B. mesentericus Trevisan. Nutrient solutions containing 10% carbohydrate, 0.1% peptone, 0.2% disodium hydrogen phosphate and 0.5% potassium chloride were incubated at 37° for six days. Levan formation occurred only with sucrose and raffinose, and not with melezitose, lactose, maltose, D-xylose, D-glucose or D-fructose. It was therefore suggested that only those carbohydrates with a terminal D-fructofuranose residue were satisfactory substrates for levan formation. 

Reaction (1) is irreversible the enzyme galactokinase has been found in mammalian liver, brain, and erythrocytes, as well as in certain yeasts and other microorganisms. UDPGal, the main product of reaction (2), is the intermediate by means of which the body incorporates galactose into cerebrosides and, probably, other galactolipids, mucopolysaccharides, and lactose galactose-l-phosphate uridyl transferase occurs in the liver, to a lesser extent in red cells, and probably in other tissues. 

In 1968, fifty-one patients suffered from an epidemic of anticonvulsant intoxication in Brisbane. A thorough investigation revealed that the intoxication was caused by altering one of the excipients from calcium phosphate to lactose in the drug product Phenytoin Capsule without adequate pre-testing by the manufacturer. 

Excipients Cellulose, disodium hydrogen phosphate, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, lactose, mannitol, sodium lauryl sulfate, etc. 

FIG. 7. Maximum axial disintegrating pressure vs. disintegration time of dicatcium phosphate and lactose tablets containing 2% super disintegrants. (O) Dicalcium phosphate r = 0.92, p < 0.05, significant correlation (A) Lactose r = 0.81, p < 0.05, significant correlation. (Replotted from Ref. 27). 

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