Lactose tablets

Fig. 1 The effect of moisture content on the compactibility of anhydrous beta lactose tablets. (From Ref. 8.)...

FIG. 7. Maximum axial disintegrating pressure vs. disintegration time of dicatcium phosphate and lactose tablets containing 2% super disintegrants. (O) Dicalcium phosphate r = 0.92, p < 0.05, significant correlation (A) Lactose r = 0.81, p < 0.05, significant correlation. (Replotted from Ref. 27). 

The initial disintegration times of the tablets prepared with a-lactose were excellent all tablets disintegrated within 2 minutes. The 6-lactose tablets showed longer, but still adequate disintegration times. The difference between the effectiveness of sodium starch glycolate and crospovidone in 6-lactose tablets was previously studied by Van Kamp et al. [24] and ascribed to the higher capillary action of crospovidone. 

The a-lactose tablets were influenced by the relative humidity too (y5, siR(S) is significant) but the effect was smaller than for the dicalcium phosphate dihydrate tablets. From the tablets investigated, the 6-lactose tablets were least influenced by storage. 

Evdokimov IA, Serov AN. Effect of compaction parameters on mechanical strength of lactose tablets. Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii Pishchev Tekhnol 2000 (5-6) 60—61. 

Fell JT, Newton JM. The tensile strength of lactose tablets. J Pharma Pharmacol 1968 20 657-658. 

Fig. 3 Hardness of lactose tablets containing various Kollidon products (wet granulation)... 

Fig. 9 Maximum water uptake versus disintegration time of dicalcium phosphate and lactose tablets containing 2% super disintegrants. O = Dicalcium phosphate no significant correlation. A = Lactose no significant correlation. (From Ref P 1.)...

Dextrose is widely used in solutions to adjust tonicity and as a sweetening agent. Dextrose is also used as a wet granulation diluent and binder, and as a direct-compression tablet diluent and binder, primarily in chewable tablets. Although dextrose is comparable as a tablet diluent to lactose, tablets produced with dextrose monohydrate require more lubrication, are less friable, and have a tendency to harden. The mildly reducing properties of dextrose may be used when tableting to improve the stability of active materials that are sensitive to oxidation. 

Riepma KA, Dekker BG, Lerk CF. The effect of moisture sorption on the strength and internal surface area of lactose tablets. Int J Pharm 1992 87 149-159. 

Selkirk AB, Ganderton D. Influence of wet and dry granulation methods on the pore structure of lactose tablets. J Pharm Pharmacol 1970 22 86S-94S. 

Sebhatu et al. (136) studied the relationships between effective interparticulate contact area and the tensile strength of amorphous and crystalline lactose tablets with varying particle size and compression forces. They measured the area of interparticulate contact within the tablet using a model proposed by Eriksson and Alderbom (137). which is based upon measuring the deformation properties of the particles during compression. This relationship is given by ... 

Fig. 75. Effect of the concentration of crospovidone on the disintegration time of calcium hydrogen phosphate-lactose tablets [396]...

In other cases of wet granulation according to Method 1 of Tablet 172 it was also not possible to measure any major differences in the hardness of corn starch-lactose tablets granulated with copovidone and povidone K 30, over the usual range of binder proportions. However, the hardness of tablets made with hydroxypropyl cellulose (Type L) was much lower. Similar results were obtained with calcium phosphate tablets. 

Fig. 107. Effect of the compression force on the hardness of lactose tablets containing 3 % copovidone compared with tablets containing 3% povidone K 25 or povidone K 30 (only valid for wet granulation, Method 1)...

Figure 7 Application of the FE and DE methods. (A) Pressure distribution (MPa) in a lactose tablet during unloading obtained from FE simulations. A cross section of half the tablet is shown, with a dashed-dotted symmetry line. (B) Relationship between the Heckel s parameter and yield stress of individual particles obtained from DE simulations. The Young s modulus was kept constant at 250 kPa. Abbreviations. FE, finite element DE, discrete element. Source From Refs. 58 and 64.

J. Siepmarm, et al.. Predicting drug release from HPMC/lactose tablets, Int. J. Pharm., 441 (1-2), 826-834, 2013. 

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