Laboratory notes

Auton, T. R., and J. H. Pickles. 1978, The calculation of blast waves from the explosion of pancake-shaped vapor clouds. Central Electricity Research Laboratories note No. RD/L/N 210/78. 

Ethylene oxide, the simplest epoxide, is an intermediate in the manufacture of both ethylene glycol, used for automobile antifreeze, and polyester polymers. More than 4 million tons of ethylene oxide is produced each year in the United States by air oxidation of ethylene over a silver oxide catalyst at 300 °C. This process is not useful for other epoxides, however, and is of little value in the laboratory. Note that the name ethylene oxide is not a systematic one because the -ene ending implies the presence of a double bond in the molecule. The name is frequently used, however, because ethylene oxide is derived pom ethylene by addition of an oxygen atom. Other simple epoxides are named similarly. The systematic name for ethylene oxide is 1,2-epoxyethane. 

Hickman, M, J. Measurement of Humidity, 4th edit (National Physical Laboratory. Notes on Applied Science No. 4). (HMSO, 1970). 

Tonna, Fabrizio. Laboratory notes. The alkahest preparation of the components and obtainment of the Sal Tartaricum Paracelsii (the Tartar of Paracelsus). Alchemy J 4, no. 3 (Winter 2003). [http //www,alchemvlab. com/AJ4-3.html. 

Petrinus, Rubellus. Laboratory Notes. The Verdet (and Calx of Venus). Alchemy J 2, no. 6 (Nov/Dec 2001). rhttp //www. alchemylab.com/AJ2-6.htm1. 

Petrinus, Rubellus. Laboratory notes. Procuring native vitriol. Alchemy J2, no. 4 (Jul-Aug 2001). 

The Alchemy Journal is a free quarterly email magazine devoted to the ancient art of transformation. Each issue contains articles, color paintings, graphic illustrations, original alchemy texts, laboratory notes and experiments, sources and resources, interviews, breaking news, book and website reviews, current lectures and workshops, editorials, and more ... 

Swift, Elizabeth. Laboratory notes. Types of plant distillation. Alchemy J 3, no. 1 (Jan/Feb 2002). rhttp //www.alchemylab.com/ AJ3-l.html. 

His wife, Marie-Anne, studied drawing with the great painter Jacques-Louis David in order to transcribe her husband s laboratory notes and illustrate them. David s ravishing portrait of the Lavoisiers hangs in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. The son of Marie-Anne s longtime lover founded the E. I. Du Pont de Nemours Corporation in Delaware. Marie-Anne later married the American physicist, Benjamin Thomson. Later ennobled as the Count of Rumford, Thomson demonstrated the mechanical nature of heat. Marie-Anne had an excellent eye for scientific talent. 

The laboratory notes of Marie and Pierre Curie detailing their discovery of radium still emit such strong radiation that they have to be stored behind lead shields. 

Each X and Y result contains the systematic error of the analytical method for its respective laboratory, noting that the systematic error is assumed to be identical for... 

Clem RG, MDI Application, University of California, Berkeley. Laboratory Notes 8 1... 

Purification. Two laboratories noted that commercial samples of KH12 and NaH2 are ineffective for conversion of hindered trialkylboranes into the corresponding borohydrides. Both groups find that treatment of the aged metal hydrides with lithium aluminum hydride in THF results in highly active hydrides that react readily even with such hindered trialkylboranes as tris(3-methyl-2-butyl)borane. 

A Page from Sefstrom s Laboratory Notes. Translation Cinchona reactions. 

Barium in Plants and Animals. As early as 1771—72 Scheele discovered the presence of barium in plants. In his laboratory notes for his first years in Upsala (1771—72), he wrote The special earth which... 

Another chemist who just missed discovering bromine was J. R. Joss, who in 1824, and again in January, 1826, had recorded in his laboratory notes the appearance of a red color in some hydrochloric acid prepared from gray Hungarian rock salt and Bohemian fuming sulfuric acid. At the time, he attributed this color to the possible presence of selenium from the sulfuric acid. After Balard s discovery, however, he made further experiments with the same materials and became convinced that the red color must be due to bromine. His attempts to obtain more of the bromine-containing rock salt were unsuccessful (147). 

P.W. Holder R. J. North, Schlieren Methods, Natl Physical Laboratory Notes on Appl Science, No 31, HMSO, London, 1963 The bibliography on image dissection in high-speed photography by J,S. Courtney-Pratt... 

As follows from his laboratory notes, the first discovered clathrate hydrate (of chlorine) was observed, but not recognized, by Davy in 1810. Then Cl2, Br2, so2) co2, ch3ci, ch4, c2h, and numerous other gases were shown to form clathrate hydrates [22, 23]. Contrary to inorganic stoichiometric hydrates, those involving hydrocarbons are both non-stoichiometric and crystalline. In addition, gas hydrate composition was found to depend on temperature, pressure, and some... 

Wieder, H. H. (1979). Laboratory Notes on Electrical and Galvanomagnetic Measurements. Elsevier, New York. 

The following is an interesting laboratory note Substitute for ricinus oil. 

These technical notes and recipes are strikingly similar to those we have already quoted and discussed from the two papyri. They might have come from just such laboratory notes of the same period, and if not always clear to us owing to vocabulary difficulties, they are at least free from mysticism. 

The column labeled other remarks is also interesting many laboratories noted corrosion and inhomogeneity in the samples, especially sample 1. Some laboratories selected sound metal for the analysis. 

When visiting a laboratory, note if elemental analysis areas are free of dust and dirt from handling soil samples. A dirty trace element analysis laboratory is a bad laboratory. 

The graphic below describes the permanent, stamped markings that are used on high-pressure gas cyhnders commonly found in analytical laboratories. Note that individual jurisdictions and institutions have requirements for marking the cylinder contents as well. These requirements are in addition to the stamped markings, which pertain to the cyhnder itself rather than to the hll contents. 

Step 4a. For microwave-assisted, digestion, follow the procedure developed for the microwave system in the laboratory. Note that total dissolution of the solid is required for radioanalytical chemistry, whereas partial dissolution is acceptable for other analytical processes if the method has been tested for fractional recovery. Several references are given below that may be helpful in developing or using this method. 

The course outlined in this book is an experimental study of chemistry. Chapters I and III deal with general principles. The first part of each of these two chapters gives directions for experiments which are to be performed by the student. Records of these experiments are to be kept in the laboratory note book as follows the experimental facts and measurements are to be recorded on the left-hand page as the note book lies open opposite these statements, on the right-hand page, calculations are to be made, equations for the chemical reactions are to be written, and final conclusions are to be drawn. The second part of each of these chapters is devoted to notes discussing the principles that the experiments illustrate, and problems for home work. 

Laboratory Record. The working directions, in the section entitled procedure, are to be kept at hand while carrying out the manipulations. These directions do not need to be copied in the laboratory note book but it is essential, nevertheless, to keep a laboratory record in which are entered all important observations and data, such, for example, as appearance of solutions (color, turbidity) appearance of precipitates or crystals (color, size of grains, crystalline form) results of all weighings or measurements number of recrystallizations results of test for purity of materials and products, etc. 

The answers to the questions should be written in the laboratory note book following the entries for the exercise, and this book should be submitted at the same time as the preparation for the approval of an instructor. 

In preparing a preliminary report for this preparation, copy thoughtfully into the laboratory note book the flow sheet of the... 

S. E. Emmett, Inter-laboratory note. Analysis of liquid milk by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, J. Anal. Atom. Spectrom., 3 (1988), 1145-1146. 

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