Krauch, Carl

Keller, Hans, 102 Knietsch, Rudolf, 75, 86, 91 Knorr, Ludwig, 67 Konig, A., 74, 77 Koppel, Leopold, 226, 231 Kranz, Julius, 81 Krassa, Paul, 78, 81 Krauch, Carl, 98, 105, 225 Kuhlmann, Charles F., 99... 

One day in mid-summer, according to Von Schnitzler (the invasion of Poland was still four years in the future), Carl Krauch moved his office from Frankfurt to the Berlin Northwest 7 building. 

Carl Krauch. Ilgner tried to push Uncle Hermann around once in a while, but when Carl Krauch walked into Berlin Northwest 7, Max Ilgner stood at attention."... 

The President Defendant Carl Krauch. how do you plead to this indictment, guilty or not guilty ... 

The 23 defendants in the I. G. Farben Trial (the 24th defendant having been "severed" because of bad health) listen to the sentence being pronounced by the Tribunal on Carl Krauch. 

Schmitz also told Linville that he had been "concerned lest the new investments with the Wehrmacht bring Farben to financial ruin." He was successful, however, in getting many subsidies and other guarantees from the government. Then, to ally production with the financing, Farben set up the "army liaison office" under Professor Carl Krauch ... 

In the 1920 s, Schneider and other Farben scientists invented a way to use the Bergius process on a large scale. Their new process was called "hydrogenation." This development of "hydrogenation" was due largely to the vision of Carl Bosch, Fritz ter Meer, Carl Krauch, and Christian Schneider. Schneider testified ... 

Goering repeated these aims precisely to Carl Krauch. Said... 

Carl Krauch kept the Ford plants working, all right, and "independently" too — independent of the sovereign interests of the United States of America. 

The trouble was resolved within the family circle "I would like to outline the importance attached by high officials to respect the desire and maintain the good will of Ford (and by Ford I mean your father, yourself and the Ford Motor Company, Dearborn)." Dollfus went on to say that he had again preserved the independence of the French company "by certain means I will not refer to in this letter but which Mr. Lesto will tell you about." The means M. Dollfus did not want to recount on paper involved the office and person of Professor Carl Krauch. 

Here ended the correspondence. Saved by the influence of Carl Krauch, French Ford became one of the most productive enterprises in France during the war. 

One thing was certain Von Schnitzler was the cause of his present plight. In 1937—the year Carl Krauch finally joined the Nazi Party, the year Ter Meer also joined the Party and at the same time avoided the Unter den Linden — Von Schnitzler reorganized the commercial committee. Instead of occasional meetings at Frankfurt, regular monthly meetings were now held at Berlin Northwest 7. 

Carl Krauch also was dissatisfied with the speed of the rearmament. In his feud with General Loeb (begun when Loeb had accused him of pushing an "abnormal expansion" of buna rubber), there had been an uneasy truce. Loeb had flared up occasionally when Professor Krauch left his own office to peek over the General s shoulders. Now Krauch kept Ambros opinion in the background and began to attack the problem, step by step. 

Sprecher still believed the political atmosphere would seriously influence the outcome. The Soviets had just cut off rail, highway, and barge shipments to Berlin. Everyone was jittery. Judge Hebert had sent his wife and children home. So had I. Still, I made a bet with Sprecher that at least Carl Krauch would be convicted of preparing an aggressive war. 

Hermann Schmitz, Paul Haefliger, Von Schnitzler, and five others stood convicted only for plundering other industries. Von Schnitzler s admissions did not mean anything, even against himself. None of the directors was censured for abetting and waging an aggressive war — not even Carl Krauch. 

Once, indeed, the SS had searched Carl Krauch s home, but he had corrected the mistake by picking up the telephone. Once during the war Krauch was ordered by Hitler to go to Himmler s headquarters to talk about a scheme Hitler had for cultivating parts of Russia "Speer reported to me, and since I already told him over the telephone that it would not be my desire to go to Himmler s headquarters, Speer therefore asked me to send an expert to represent me."... 

So it came to pass that Carl Krauch was an office boy emeritus. His authority "was limited largely to giving expert opinions and technical advice" in the chemical field. The judgment included a chart of his position that had been out of date since 1936, in... 

Carl Krauch, Fritz ter Meer, Heinrich Buetefisch, and Christian Schneider are "advising" in the production of synthetic rubber and synthetic gasoline for "peacetime purposes." Often they visit at the home of Hermann Schmitz, living "in retirement" at Wesel am Rhein. From time to time Ter Meer acts as expert for the Bonn government. 

Carl Krauch Chairman of Farben s supervisory board of... 

Bosch, Carl( 1874-1940). Ger scientist who specialized in the ptepn of nitrogen-contg org compds and collaborated with Haber in the synthesis of ammonia. Was director of IGFarbenindustries Refs DC.Krauch.AngChem 53,285-8(1940) 2)P. Muller,SS 35,123-4(1940)... 

The chemical industry s appreciation was also expressed in the conversion of its dyestuff industry to the production of war materials. This was achieved through the institution of the Four-year plan. Carl Krauch, the head of the nitrogen and petrol division of ig Farben, was placed in charge of the Research and Development Department for Raw Materials and Foreign Currency on Goring s staff. A member of the Nazi party from 1937, he took over the Research and Development Department in the Office of German Raw Materials and Synthetics under the Four-year plan. He was also Plenipotentiary General for Special Questions of Chemical Production. On 10 February 1943 Von Schnitzler noted that... 

As a result of the concurrent progress on the polymerization side, Ludwigshafen and Leverkusen agreed in July 1929 to build a semi-technical works plant for Buna at Knapsack, alongside the carbide works. This plan was blocked by Carl Krauch of Oppau, largely because he wanted to wait until Oppau s methane-to-acetylene electric arc process was ready. A few months later, the Buna program was effectively halted by the onset of the Depression, which soon reduced natural rubber prices to minimal levels. When the production of synthetic rubber was revived in Hitler s Third Reich, the weak Buna, which was a sodium-polymerized polybutadiene, had been displaced by the superior copolymers of butadiene with styrene (Buna S) and acrylonitrile (Buna N or Perbunan). 

Carl Krauch of I.G. Farben used the parallel with indigo to reassure Hermann Goring in 1936. Testimony of Carl Krauch, Trials of War Criminals, volume VII, p. 1003. 

United States of America v. Carl Krauch, et al., ter Meer Defense Documents, exhibit no. 37. National Archives Microfilm M892, roll no. 74. 

The chemical industry also mediates in another important way, namely between abundant (and hence cheap) raw materials, perhaps even the by-product of another process, and the desired products. Hence, modernization can also involve a change of feedstock, or at least its source. Carl Heinrich Krauch of Hiils AG (and the son of I.G. s Carl Krauch), has argued that the organic chemical industry has been driven by... 

Peter Spitz, Petrochemicals The Rise of an Industry (New York John Wiley Sons, 1988), p. 514. V. M. Walsh, J. F. Townsend, B. G. Achilladelis and C. Freeman, Trends in invention and innovation in the chemical industry, reached similar conclusions about the importance of demand and feedstocks (see page 5.20). By contrast, Achilladelis played down the importance of feedstocks in his thesis see Process Innovation in the Chemical Industry, p. 245. The Krauch family form an impressive dynasty. Carl Heinrich s grandfather, also called Carl, was a pharmacist and production manager at Merck (Darmstadt). See Heine Verstand Shicksal, p. 98, and H. Benniga, A History of Lactic Acid Manufacture (Dordrecht Kluwer, 1990), pp. 129-134, 153. 

For an elaboration of the effects of this preference, see Peter Hayes, "Carl Bosch and Carl Krauch Chemistry and the political economy of Germany, 1925-1945," Journal of economic history, 47 (1987), 353-363. 

Bosch, for once dejected and under strong pressure by the company s directors, turned to Carl Krauch (1887-1968), a young chemist on his team. Krauch solved this last complication on the road to commercial ammonia synthesis by adding ammonia to the solution. Cuprous ammonium formate proved to be an excellent absorber of CO, and Krauch s solution remained in use for decades. The remaining moisture was not removed from the mixture used in the first two commercial plants, but it is taken out in modern processes.If the purified mixture contained excess H, its content was adjusted with nitrogen from liquefied air to the exact stoichiometric ratio of 1 3. 

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