Knowledge explicit

NEXPERT OBJEXT represented domain specihc knowledge explicitly as networks of rules and class-object hierarchies. The rule-based and object-based representations are tightly integrated in a common design environment and are supported by visual editors and graphical browsers. 

This cluster of literature explores the application of toolkits and mass customization to handle demand heterogeneity and offer individualized products to customers. It includes three studies. Franke et al. (2009) show how the ability of customers to make their preferences and need knowledge explicit impacts the perceived value of customized products. They also find product involvement of consumers to be an antecedent to customer satisfaction with customized products. This finding is shared Ity Fuller et al. (2009), who focus on how users perceive the process of co-creation. Lead usemess, creativity, and involvement are influence factors on enjoyment and customer empowerment Priigl and Schreier (2006) extend these findings by showing that lead users customized designs are also attractive to other users. 

Leonardi, P. Bailey, D. (2008) Transformational Technologies and the Creation of New Work Practices Making Implicit Knowledge Explicit in Task-Based Offshoring. MIS Quarterly. 32 (2), 159-176. 

Since the engineering project participants by now already work together, they already use common knowledge for their project tasks. Using the EKB framework, we make this existing knowledge explicit and machine-understandable, and there-... 

Moser, T., Mordinyi, R., Mikula, A., Biffl, S. Making expert knowledge explicit to facilitate tool suppmt for integrating complex infrnmation systems in the ATM domain. In International... 

Note that this relationship is in conPadiction to the well known equation for the calculation of the thickness resolving power given by Halmshaw in 111. The relationship in 111 requires explicit knowledge about built-up factors for scatter correction and the film contrast factory (depending on D) and is only valid for very small wall thickness changes compared to the nominal wall thickness. 

There are also approaches [, and M] to control that have had marked success and which do not rely on quantum mechanical coherence. These approaches typically rely explicitly on a knowledge of the internal molecular dynamics, both in the design of the experiment and in the achievement of control. So far, these approaches have exploited only implicitly the very simplest types of bifiircation phenomena, such as the transition from local to nonnal stretch modes. If fiittlier success is achieved along these lines m larger molecules, it seems likely that deliberate knowledge and exploitation of more complicated bifiircation phenomena will be a matter of necessity. 

Linear response theory is an example of a microscopic approach to the foundations of non-equilibrium thennodynamics. It requires knowledge of tire Hamiltonian for the underlying microscopic description. In principle, it produces explicit fomuilae for the relaxation parameters that make up the Onsager coefficients. In reality, these expressions are extremely difficult to evaluate and approximation methods are necessary. Nevertheless, they provide a deeper insight into the physics. 

Coincidence experiments explicitly require knowledge of the time correlation between two events. Consider the example of electron impact ionization of an atom, figure Bl.10.7. A single incident electron strikes a target atom or molecule and ejects an electron from it. The incident electron is deflected by the collision and is identified as the scattered electron. Since the scattered and ejected electrons arise from the same event, there is a time correlation... 

Correlations between structure and mass spectra were established on the basis of multivariate analysis of the spectra, database searching, or the development of knowledge-based systems, some including explicit management of chemical reactions. 

In spite of the importance of reaction prediction, only a few systems have been developed to tackle this problem, largely due to its complexity it demands a huge amount of work before a system is obtained that can make predictions of sufficient quality to be useful to a chemist. The most difficult task in the development of a system for the simulation of chemical reactions is the prediction of the course of chemical reactions. This can be achieved by using knowledge automatically extracted from reaction databases (see Section 10.3.1.2). Alternatively, explicit models of chemical reactivity will have to be included in a reaction simulation system. The modeling of chemical reactivity is a very complex task because so many factors can influence the course of a reaction (see Section 3.4). 

However, the Green s function of the bath Gb(t, t ) = 5 Z/5Q(t)5Q(t ) may have a form quite different from a single-phonon Green s function and may exhibit a strong temperature dependence. It would be interesting, for example, to see explicitly how this kernel, say, for a liquid, reduces to the phonon Green s function but with temperature-dependent parameters so that the friction coeflScient rj depends on temperature. To the authors knowledge this has not been done as yet. 

At this stage the implications of the situation will be explored, using the operating team s general fxmctional knowledge of the process. This explicit... 

However, in the course of this brief commentary, I would like to issue a caution regarding the extent to which the periodic table, for example, is truly explained by quantum mechanics so that chemical educators might refrain from overstating the success of this approach. I would also like to raise an issue which, to the best of my knowledge, has only recently been explicitly pointed out in the literature (/). 

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