Mechanism and kinetics of gas-phase reactions

Nouria Al-Awadi was born in Kuwait and obtained her B.Sc. from the Faculty of Science at Kuwait University in 1976 and Ph.D. from the University of Kent, UK, in 1979. She held a postdoctoral fellowship at the University of Sussex (1981-82). Prof. Al-Awadi is FRCS and chartered scientist of RSC. She has been professor of organic chemistry at the University of Kuwait since 1992. Prof Al-Awadi has held several administrative positions at Kuwait University Vice dean of the College of Graduate Studies at Kuwait University (1984—90) Head of the Chemistry Department (1992-95) dean of Faculty of Science (1995-2001) Prof. Al-Awadi since September 2006 until now is vice-president of Kuwait University for academic affairs. Prof. Al-Awadi has specialized in studying kinetics and mechanisms of gas-phase reactions and their potential utility as green methodologies in organic chemistry. She has more than 95 published papers and one patent. She is author of three review articles. 

Kondratiev V. N., Nikitin E. E. Kinetika i mekhanizm gazofaznykh reaktsii [The Kinetics and Mechanism of Gas-Phase Reactions). Moscow Nauka, 558 p. (1974). 

V.N. Kondratiev and E.E. Nikitin, Kinetics and Mechanism of Gas-Phase Reactions, Nauka, Moscow, 1974 (in Russian). 

Atkinson, R., Carter, W.P.L. (1984) Kinetics and mechanisms of gas-phase reactions of ozone with organic compounds under atmospheric conditions. Chem. Rev 84, 437-470. 

Kondrat ev VN, Nikitin EE (1975) Kinetic and mechanism of gas-phase reactions. Nauka Press, Moskow (in Russian)... 

Preliminary results on the enantioselective formation of sulfur and nitrogen mediumsized heterocycles by base-induced ring opening of hetero-oxabicyclic [3.2.1] and [3.3.1] systems have been reported.91 The reaction involves a deprotonation-C—O bond elimination sequence. The kinetics and mechanism of gas-phase unimolecular elimination reactions of some substituted aminoazoles have been studied as an aid to heterocycle synthesis.92... 

The kinetics and mechanisms of gas-phase elimination of ethyl 1-piperidinecarboxyl-ate, ethyl pipecolinate, and ethyl 1-methylpipecolinate has been determined in a static reaction system.9 The reactions proved to be homogeneous, unimolecular, and obey a first-order rate law. The first step of decomposition of these esters is the formation of the corresponding carboxylic acids and ethylene. The acid intermediate undergoes a very fast decarboxylation process. The mechanism of these elimination reactions has been suggested on the basis of the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. 

UV absorption spectrum, and kinetics and mechanism of the self reaction of CF3CF2O2 radicals in the gas phase at 295 K,... 

The inherent distinction between gas and solution kinetics must be part of any successful theory of chemical kinetics. In particular the mechanics of gas-phase reaction depend upon forces involving two, or at most three, molecules at a time. In solution the complicating effects due to interaction with a number of surrounding solvent molecules must also be considered. 

Although considerations such as these have led to a less active field of UV/visible spectroscopic study compared with infrared study, this wavelength region offers some unique advantages, particularly for studies oriented toward kinetics, dynamics, thermodynamics, and mechanisms of gas-phase ion chemistry. As a particular example, we can mention the ability to initiate a chemical process with the insertion of a very accurately known (single-photon) increment of several eV of internal energy at a precisely determined time (for a view of some of these possibilities, see, for instance, [132]). Control of photon polarization is possible [133]. Moreover, excited electronic reaction and dissociation pathways, often involving radical ion chemistry, can be accessed in this way, which is not possible with vibrational activation. 

Radiation techniques, application to the study of organic radicals, 12, 223 Radical addition reactions, gas-phase, directive effects in, 16, 51 Radicals, cation in solution, formation, properties and reactions of, 13, 155 Radicals, organic application of radiation techniques, 12,223 Radicals, organic cation, in solution kinetics and mechanisms of reaction of, 20, 55 Radicals, organic free, identification by electron spin resonance, 1,284 Radicals, short-lived organic, electron spin resonance studies of, 5, 53 Rates and mechanisms of solvolytic reactions, medium effects on, 14, 1 Reaction kinetics, polarography and, 5, 1... 

Atkinson, R. (1989) Kinetics and mechanisms of the gas-phase reactions of the hydroxyl radical with organic compounds.. /. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data Monograph No. 1. 1-246. 

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