Jurin

Gunkel, G. and B. Streit. 1980. Mechanisms of a herbicide (atrazine, s-triazine) in a freshwater mollusc (Ancylus fluviatilis Mull.) and a fish (Coregonus fera Jurine). Water Res. 14 1573-1584. 

C. Cottin-Bizonne, S. Jurine, J. Baudry, J. Crassous, F. Restagno, and E. Charlaix, Eur. Phys. 

Jurin Dokladij Akademii Nauk SSSR, Physik. Serie 24,1318 (1960). 

The surface tension in the liquid film adhering to the tube wall exerts the total force Inro where r is the radius of tube and Inr the periphery. The weight of the liquid column (neglecting the correction for the shape of the meniscus) is Tzr hQg, where g is the acceleration of gravity and q the density of the liquid. Hence 2nra=7ir hQgy and the simple formula obtained by Jurin (1718) is found ... 

The bubble point measurement is recognized as an ASTM procedure (F316-80 [26] and E128-61 [27]). This technique allows the determination of pore diameters and the presence of defects in the membrane. Bubble point is based on Jurin s law. If a porous membrane is impregnated with a liquid (e.g., water, alcohol) each pore has a meniscus of condensate at the gas-liquid interface which opposes the flux of gas. To unblock the pores a pressure Ap must be applied. According to the Jurin s law, the smaller the pores, the higher the pressure required... 

Because of the presence of pores in cotton, no real capillary exists in or between the yams and no true meniscus is formed. Consequendy, Jurin s law does not apply. This explains why the elaboration of a model to describe cotton wicking is so complicated. 

Cottin-Bizonne C, Jurine S, Baudry J, Crassous J, Restagno E, Charlarx E (2002) Eur Phys J E 9 47... 

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Jurin s law describes the spontaneous ascent of a liquid up a fine capillary tube (radius R < n ) (see Fig. 1.10). Dip the end of an extremely clean glass capillary tube (cleaned with sulfochromic acid) into water. The water will rise up to a height h and, as the water totally wets the glass, the meniscus will be hemispherical. The pressure at point A, just inside the liquid, can be calculated using Laplace s formula. If Pq is the outside pressure, then... 

Let us now consider a teflon tube dipped into hexadecane. The latter partially wets teflon, with a contact angle 9e 30°. The meniscus is now a spherical cap and its radius of curvature is7l = R/ cos e, so that the Laplace pressure becomes —2 y/R) cos e- h is given by Jurin s law as... 

Experimental Check. Jurin s law could be checked by measuring h for a series of glass capillaries of radii R varying between 0.1 and 1 mm, dipped into distilled water. 

The weight of liquid is P = pghnR = 27rP(7sG — 7sl), applying Jurin s law. It is therefore the capillary forces which lift the liquid. 

Hence we obtain the general Jurin s law for capillary rise or depression h = 4ycos0/(p -p)g D... 

As a direct consequence of Jurin s law, a nonwetting liquid such as mercury, which does not wet glass, forms a surface which is convex upwards hence the pressure just under the meniscus will be greater than at a planar surface. Thus, the level of a mercury surface in a capillary tube will be below that of the surrounding liquid a capillary depletion occurs (h < 0). Conversely with water which wets glass, a capillary rise (h > 0) occurs. 

Capillary rise. When a thin capillary tube of accurately known inner diameter is immersed in a liquid a rise or drop of the liquid in the capillary occurs and the height of the liquid in the capillary tube vs. the free level of the liquid is directly proportional to its surface tension and wetting angle (see Jurin s law). 

In a separate publication read to the Society de M ecine in May 1790, Seguin gave a more satisfactory account of previous work on respiration, particularly Crawford s. Lavoisier and Seguin assumed that no carbonic acid is emitted in transpiration (which is nearly true), whilst Jurine found that a considerable amount is emitted in this way. Seguin gave a good historical account of the theory of heat, calorimetry, and animal heat, which supplied the deficiencies in Lavoisier s memoirs. 

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