Pear, Japanese

Apricots, apples, grapes, Japanese pears, melons, peaches, strawberries, tomatoes, watermelons and soil Gas-chromatographic determination for all materials... 

In 1989, Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co., Ltd. developed and introduced the first operational nondestructive automatic peach sweetness grading machine. Peaches graded by this system were differentiated as "sweetness guaranteed". The company has now developed the Multi-Purpose Sensor (MPS) for grading apples and Japanese pears, in addition to peaches, with a single unit. 

Figure 8. Multi-purpose sensor for determining sweetness of peaches, apples and Japanese pears.

AK-Toxin. The causal agent of black spot disease of Japanese pear, Alternarla kikuchlana. produces two host-selective toxins AK-toxIn... 

Most of the highly benzimidazole-resistant isolates of Venturia nashicola (the scab fungus of Japanese pear) show increased sensitivity to the Ji - phenylcarbamate compound MDPC and the jt-phenylformamidoxime compound DCPF, but the intermediately and weakly benzimidazole-resistant isolates did not. Doubly resistant isolates, i.e. highly benzimidazole-resistant isolates with the resistance to MDPC and DCPF were found. 

A model study of residue analysis for 26 pesticides applied to peach, Japanese pear and apple (T. Takino, Bayer CropScience, Japan)... 

Figure 3.38 Proposed pathway for the biosynthesis of decatrienoic acid from acetic acid and for the host-sensitive AK and AF toxins by A altemata Japanese pear pathotype and strawberry pathotype.

The toxins of many members of the fungal genus Al-ternaria produce phytotoxins of these, many [such as AM-toxin I (18)] are peptides. The fungal pathogen Alternaria mali on apples produce necrotic lesions on the leaves, shoots, and fruits of susceptible cultivars (Natori et al, 1981). Alternaria kikuchiana, which causes black spot disease on the Japanese pear (Pyrus serotina) produces phytotoxins which are based on A -acetylphenylalanine and a Cio fatty acid (Harbome, 1986). 

Yamaki S, Machida Y, Kakiuchi N. (1979). Changes in cell wall polysaccharides and monosaccharides during development and ripening of Japanese pear fruit. Plant Cell Physiol, 20, 311-321. 

Similarities have been demonstrated in the ultrastructure of xerogels of cellulose isolated from Japanese pears and of chitin. ... 

Kameda, K., H. Aoki, H. Tanaka, and M. Namiki Metabolites of Alternaria kiku-chiana, a Phytopathogenic Fungus of Japanese Pear. Agric. Biol. Chem. 37, 2137... 

JM Mine was moored, pear-shaped, contact mine which had no horns. The jolt received by the pendulum firing mechanism, when a ship struck the mine, closed an electrical contact and fired the detonator. - The mine was filled with ca 110 lbs of a HE ( ) (pp 44-45, Fig 18) Pomegranate Mine was a Vickers antenna mine purchased before WWII. It was spherical, 41 inches in diam, with six chemical horns on the upper hemisphere and two addnl ones welded to the lower hemisphere. An upper antenna and float and/or lower antenna were secured to the mine. No data for HE filler (pp 44 45, Fig 19) Type 3 Mine was the first Japanese attempt to use influence mines, copied from German S Mine. Their cylindrical A1 cases were either 7 or 11 feet long and 21 inches in diam. No data for HE used and the description of the mine given in Ref 1, p 46 is hard to understand Mark 2 Mod 1 Explosive Hook was actually a device for mine sweeping rather than a mine. 

Reputable nurseries will describe pollination requirements and suggest suitable pollinators. Most apples, pears, sweet cherries, and Japanese plums require cross-pollination to set a good crop. Most peaches, apricots, sour cherries, and some European plums are self-fruitful, although they often bear more heavily if cross-pollinated. Not all cultivars are compatible, so check with your supplier. 

Prunus dulcis var. dulc. See Almond Prunus persica. See Peach Prunus salicina. See Plum, Japanese Pseudococcidae. See Mealybugs Pseudomonas blight, pear and, 170 Pseudomonas marginalis, 418 Psila rosae. See Carrot rust flies Psyllas, pear. See Pear psyllas Psyllids. Buxus and, 51 Pumpkin, 213... 

Biological control provides a frequently discussed alternative to selective toxicity. In one of its manifestations, economic species are bred, or trained, to become more disease-resistant. Also, specific parasites can be sought for the uneconomic species. For example, the cactus known as prickly pear, which deprived Australian farmers of great areas of valuable pasture, was eliminated in the 1930s by the release of a beetle (Cactoblastis) which attacked no other form of life. Again the Japanese beetle, which became a serious pest to crops on the Atlantic seaboard of the USA in about 1916, has been kept in check by the... 

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