J -Adrenergic blockers

Adrenergic blockers 4- Cardiac output t Renal vascular resistance (nonselective agents) T Renal vascular resistance ( /J -selective agents) Decrease in GFR and RBF Decrease in GFR and RBF No change in GFR and RBF 

J-Adrenergic blockers Increased metoprolol serum concentrations and bradycardia possible heart block 

J-Adrenergic blockers Fivefold increase in propranolol serum concentration bradycardia and hypotension with combined fluvoxamine and metoprolol 

Atenolol (J-Adrenergic receptor Competitive blocker of p-Adrenergic 

J. R. Teerlink, B. M. Massie (1999). P-Adrenergic blocker mortality trials in congestive heart failure. Am. J. Cardiol. 84 94R. 

TV Olah, JD Gilbert, A Banish. Determination of the beta-adrenergic blocker timolol in plasma by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 11 157, 1993. 

Howard PJ, Lee MR. Beware beta-adrenergic blockers in patients with severe nrticaria Scott Med J 1988 33(5) 344-5. 

Shore JH, Fraunfelder FT, Meyer SM. Psychiatric side effects from topical ocular timolol, a beta-adrenergic blocker. J Chn Psychopharmacol 1987 7(4) 264-7. 

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Sra JS, Vishnubhakta S, Murthy S, et al. Use of intravenous esmolol to predict efficacy of oral beta-adrenergic blocker therapy in patients with neurocardiogenic syncope. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992 19 402 08. 

Moser M, Setaro J. Continued importance of diuretics and beta-adrenergic blockers in the management of hypertension. Med Clin North Am. 2004 88 167-187. 

Houston MC, Hodge R. Beta-adrenergic blocker withdrawal syndromes in h q er tension and other cardiovascular diseases. Am Heart J 1988 116 515-23. 

Bernadt MW, Silverstone T, Singleton W. b-Adrenergic blockers in phobic disorder. Br J Psychiatry 1980 137 452-457. 

Steinhert J, Pugh CR. Two patients with schizophrenic-like psychosis after treatment with beta-adrenergic blockers. BMJ 1979 1(6166) 790. 

Nickel JC, Sander S, Moon TD A meta-analysis of the vascular-related safety profile and efficacy of alpha-adrenergic blockers for symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Int J Clin Pract 2008 62 1547. [PMID 18822025] 

B. Baveja, S. K., Ranga Roa, K. V., and Padmalatha Devi, K. (1987), Zero-order release hydrophilic matrix tablets of P-adrenergic blockers, Int. J. Pharm., 40, 223-234. 

FIGURE 2.16 Direct chromatographic resolution of four racemic P-adrenergic blockers (a) oxprenolol, (b) alprenolol, (c) metoprolol, and (d) propranolol. (From Badaloni, E. et ah, J. Chromatogr. B, 796, 45, 2003. With permission from Elsevier, Copyright (2003).) 

Fischer, L. Muller, R. Ekberg, B. Mosbach, K. Direct enantioseparation of B-adrenergic blockers using a chiral stationary phase prepared by molecular imprinting. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1991, 113, 9358-9360. 

Endoscopic band ligation (EBL) should be considered in patients with contraindications or intolerance to /J-adrenergic blockers. 

Marshall AJ, Baddeley H, Barritt DW, Davies JD, Lee RE, Low-Beer TS, Read AE. Practolol peritonitis. A study of 16 cases and a survey of small bowel function in patients taking beta adrenergic blockers. Q J Med 1977 46(181) 135-49. 

Rarely, patients are refractory to epinephrine treatment [24], and require other potent vasopressors [1, 2, 18, 22]. In those patients who are refractory to epinephrine because they are taking a (J-adrenergic blocker, glucagon should be administered intravenously [5, 18]. 

Badaloni, E. et al., Enantioselective liquid chromatographic-electrospray mass spectrometric assay of fS-adrenergic blockers application to a pharmacokinetic smdy of sotalol in human plasma, J. Chromatogr. B, 796, 45, 2003. 

All patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension should be considered for endoscopic screening, and patients with large varices should receive primary prophylaxis with /J-adrenergic blockers. 

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