Batch reactor isothermal

Figure 6-5b Temperature versus time in an adiabatic batch reactor. Fig ure 6-5. Simulation of a non-isothermal batch reactor.

The following reactions are occurring in a constant-volume, isothermal batch reactor ... 

In this work, a comprehensive kinetic model, suitable for simulation of inilticomponent aiulsion polymerization reactors, is presented A well-mixed, isothermal, batch reactor is considered with illustrative purposes. Typical model outputs are PSD, monomer conversion, multivariate distritution of the i lymer particles in terms of numtoer and type of contained active Chains, and pwlymer ccmposition. Model predictions are compared with experimental data for the ternary system acrylonitrile-styrene-methyl methacrylate. 

Miller et al. (1981) studied the kinetics of the reaction of phenol and acetone to bisphenol A in the presence of hydrogen chloride (see Fig. 5.4-31) in an isothermal batch reactor. 

The experimental method used for this kinetie study is reaetion ealorimetry. In the ealorimeter, the energy enthalpy balance is continuously monitored the heat signal can then be easily converted in the reaction rate (in the case of an isothermal batch reactor, the rate is proportional to the heat generated or consnmed by the reaction). The reaction orders and catalyst stabihty were determined with the methodology of reaction progress kinetic analysis (see refs. (8,9) for reviews). 

Volume changes on reaction may be neglected. At 25 °C the reaction rate constant is equal to 9.92 x 10 3 m3/kmole sec. If one employs a well-stirred isothermal batch reactor to carry out this reaction, determine the holding time necessary to achieve 95% conversion of the limiting reagent using initial concentrations of 0.1 and 0.08 kmole/m3 for cyclopentadiene and benzoquinone, respectively. 

Figure 12.2 Profiles for coil temperature (Tc) and heat transfer rate (Q) for an isothermal batch reactor (Example 12-4)...

A liquid-phase reaction A + B - products is conducted in an isothermal batch reactor. The... 

A liquid-phase reaction, A products, was studied in a constant-volume isothermal batch reactor. The reaction rate expression is (-rA) = kAcA, and k = 0.030 min 1. The reaction time, t, may be varied, but the down-time, td, is fixed at 30 min for each cycle. If the reactor operates 24 hours per day, what is the ratio of reaction time to down-time that maximizes production for a given reactor volume and initial concentration of A What is the fractional conversion of A at the optimum ... 

In an isothermal batch reactor 70% of a liquid reactant is converted in 13 minutes. What times are needed to effect this conversion in a plug flow or CSTR ... 

Investigate an isothermal, batch reactor (Set batch=l und isothermal=l) with an irreversible first-order (k1 k2). For this purpose set REST to a very high value, say le20. Determine the necessary reaction time to achieve a fraction conversion, XA, of 90, 95 und 99%. Determine also the cycle time and the productivity. For this assume the down-time between batches is 30 min (1800 s). Perform this for two different temperatures between 300K and 320K. 

Two consecutive, first-order reactions take place in a perfectly mixed, isothermal batch reactor. 

The maximum conversion of reactants which can be achieved in an isothermal batch reactor is determined by the position of thermodynamic equilibrium. If this conversion is regarded as unsatisfactory, the use of a simple batch reactor may be abandoned in favour of a reactor which permits removal of products from the reaction mixture. Alternatively, the reactor temperature may be changed to obtain a more favourable equilibrium however, this may result in an unacceptable reduction in the net reaction rate. Such conflicts are often resolved by the use of optimisation procedures (see Sect. 8). 

Reactant A decomposes in an isothermal batch reactor (Cao = 100 ) to produce wanted R and unwanted S, and the following progressive concentration readings are recorded ... 

One measures Cj (t, T) for given Cjo and then finds a suitable method of analyzing these data to find a suitable rate expression that will fit them. For liquid solutions the typical method is to obtain isothermal batch-reactor data with different Cjo and continues to gather these data as a function of temperature to find a complete rate expression. For a simple irreversible reaction we expect that the rate should be describable as... 

Assuming that we have an irreversible reaction with a single reactant and power-law kinetics, r = kC, the concentration in a constant-volume isothermal batch reactor is given by integrating the expression... 

For a first-order irreversible reaction in an isothermal batch reactor X(t) = 1 — e (Chapter 2) so the average value of X is... 

Ethyl acetate is to be manufactured by the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol in an isothermal batch reactor. A production rate of 10 tonne/day of ethyl acetate is required. 

Fig. 1.12. Non-isothermal batch reactor Typical curves for an exothermic reaction with just sufficient cooling (constant U and Tc) to prevent temperature rising above Tmx...

Worked Example 6.1 Substitution Reaction in the Isothermal Batch Reactor... 

Suppose a first-order reaction (n = 1) is preformed in an isothermal batch reactor of constant volume V. Write a material balance Table 3-17 ... 

The gas-phase decomposition of sulfuryl chloride, S02C12 — S02 + Cl2, is thought to follow a first order rate law. The reaction is performed in a constant volume, isothermal batch reactor, and the concentration of S02C12 is measured at several reaction times, with the following results. 

Following are examples for finding the time of an isothermal batch reactor for a given conversion of the reactant and other pertinent variables, and for gas phase reaction. 

Consider an isothermal batch reactor for a given conversion of the reactant... 

Determine the conversion for an isothermal batch reactor using the stoichiometry of Example 5-1 and the same values of initial concentrations of A, B, C, and D in a reactor volume of 1 liter operating for 4 minutes. The rate constant is k = 105[(liter)2/(gmol2 min)]. 

Consider a non-isothermal batch reactor that is operated adiabatically. The reactor contains a liquid reaction mixture in which the reaction A —> Products occurs, where (-rA) = kCA and k = k0e E/RT,... 

Some authors [120—122] have collected simple kinetic systems and attempted to solve the corresponding characteristic equations explicitly in the case of an isothermal, constant volume batch reactor. In view of the fact that most reaction mechanisms are not simple ones or are not considered in these collections or are not amenable to an explicit solution and that types of reactors other than the isothermal batch reactor are used in kinetics, this approach (involving, furthermore, standard mathematics) will not be discussed further here. 

Insert the rate expression into batch-reactor material balance. A transient material balance for the NaOH on an isothermal batch reactor becomes (NaOH in) — (NaOH out) + (net NaOH generation) = NaOH accumulation. For this system,... 

In this section, we still restrict ourselves to the consideration of systems where only the overall behavior is of interest, but we extend the analysis to actual chemical reactors. Indeed, the discussion in the previous section was limited to the overall kinetics of multicomponent mixtures seen from the viewpoint of chemical reaction engineering, the discussion was in essence limited to the behavior in isothermal batch reactors, or, equivalently, in isothermal plug flow reactors. In this section, we present a discussion of reactors other than these two equivalent basic ones. The fundamental problem in this area is concisely discussed next for a very simple example. 

If this reaction is performed in a well-mixed isothermal batch reactor, determine the time necessary to achieve 95 percent conversion of the limiting reactant (from C. Hill, An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Kinetics and Reactor Design, Wiley, 1977, p. 259). 

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