Isophorone bisphenol

Other bisphenols are often used in place of bisphenol A. Isophorone bisphenol is common and its structure is shown in Figure 4.4. Copolymer PCs are also common where blends of different bisphenols are used. These are often block copolymers. The Tg of the co-PCs can be adjusted by changing bisphenol monomers and their ratios. 

Figure 4.4 Chemical structure of isophorone bisphenol (trimethyl cyclohexyl bisphenol).

Fig. 21. a Typical latex obtained in a polyaddition process in miniemulsion (Epikote E828 (bisphenol-A-diglycidylether) and 4,4 -diaminobibenzyl) b TEM micrograph of a polyurethane latex obtained by isophorone diisocyanate and 1,12 dodecanediol... 

Fig.16 S-N fatigue diagram of a bulk diglycidyl ether of bisphenol (DGEBA)/isophoron diamine (IPD) epoxy polymer giving the maximum applied stress as a function of the number of cycles to failure (three-point bending, 25 Hz, stress ratio OminMnax = 0.1) (from [53]). The two dotted lines correspond to theoretical values of the amplitude of the effective tensile stress, Acr, calculated for (a) gross slip condition and (b) under partial slip condition for an imposed displacement ( 10 xm) which corresponds to the experimental contact endurance limit at 105 cycles...

A Oligomeric phenolic Mannich base from isophorone amine B Bisphenol/epichlorohydrin oligomer... 

Acetone is used as a solvent for cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose and acetylene as a raw material for the chemical synthesis of such products as ketones, acetic anhydride, methyl methacrylate, bisphenol-A, diacetone alcohol, methyl isobutyl ketone, isophorone, etc. 

More recent efforts have focused on developments that create true hybrids. For example, blocked isocyanate prepolymers have been mixed with epoxy resins and cured with amines [68-70]. These blocked prepolymers will react initially with the amines to form amine-terminated prepolymers that cross-link the epoxy resin. Several blocked isocyanates are commercially available. The DESMOCAP (Bayer) llA and 12A products are isocyanates (believed to be blocked with nonylphenol) used as flexibilizing agents for epoxy resins. ANCAREZ (trademark. Pacific Anchor, Inc.) 2150 is a blocked isocyanate epoxy blend used as an adhesion promoter for vinyl plastisols. A one-package, heat-cured hybrid adhesive was reported consisting of isophorone diisocyanate, epoxy resin, and a dispersed solid curative based on the salt of ethylenediamine and bisphenol A [71]. Urethane amines are offered commercially that can be used with epoxy resins to develop hybrid adhesive systems [72]. 

Using a mixture of castor oil and hydroxyether of bisphenol-A (HBA) as the polyol and reacting with TDI in the presence of DBTDL catalyst at 35°C, a series of polyurethanes are prepared in an air-circulating oven for 48 h. A series of poly(urethane urea)-vinyl polymer hybrid aqueous dispersions are prepared. Waterborne poly(urethane urea) is synthesised from castor oil and polyoxypropylene polyol M = 1000 g moL ), dimethylol propionic acid and isophorone diisocyanate and then neutralised with tertiary amine. The hybrid aqueous dispersion with high oil content poly(urethane urea) exhibits excellent compressive mechanical strength. Sunflower oil-modified waterborne polyurethane resin may also be prepared. The waterborne resin is synthesised from the monoglyceride of the oU, poly(propylene-ethylene) triol, tartaric acid and toluene diisocyanate, then neutralised with triethyl amine. 

The copolymer (Fig. 14.4) is prepared from l,l-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3, 5-trimethylcyclohexane (1) and bisphenol A. The cyclohexane containing bisphenol (1) is prepared by the condensation of phenol with 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone and an acidic catalyst. The cyclohexanone can be prepared by the selective hydrogenation of isophorone [113, 114]. The Tg of the copolymers can be varied from 150°C (e.g., BPAhomopolymer) to 240°C [e.g., homopolymer of l,l-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3,5-trimethylcydohexane]. And the resins can be prepared by either melt or interfacial processes. For increased ductility, terpolymers have been reported with a sUoxane block [115]. For applications requiring low moisture absorption, the bisphenol (1) has been polymerized with bisphenol M (see the section New Copolymers for Optical Storage Media ). 

Condensation (f) Preparation of polyurethanes via miniemulsion from isophorone diisocyanate and bisphenol A or dodecane diol in aqueous media 129... 

Figure 2. Comparison of notched izod impact of the high heat polycarbonates with isophorone based bisphenols (BPI) copolymers and polyetherimides. 

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