Ionic nanomaterial

AOT, could form w/c RMs in the presence of the commercially available perfluoropentanol (F-pentanol) as a co-surfactant, and the RMs formed could provide polar micro-aqueous for highly ionic chemicals[4,5]. Herein, we present the synthesis of crystalline nanoparticles of Ag, Agl, and Ag2S (which have potential application as photoelectric and thermoelectric devices) in the polar micro-aqueous domains of the w/c RMs stabilized by the AOT/F-pentanol (AOTF) surfactant/co-solvent combination, suggesting the possibility of the commercial utilization of SCCO2 in nanomaterials synthesis. 

Tunckol, M., ]. Durand, and P. Serp, Carbon nanomaterial-ionic liquid hybrids. Carbon, 2012. 50(12) p. 4303-4334. 

As mentioned in Section 18.2, iodine-free solid-state electrolytes that feature good contact with the mesoporous electrode, high ionic mobility, and good diffusion, are one of the most challenging objectives in ssDSSCs. In recent years, the use of carbon nanomaterials has been explored to tackle the above highlighted drawbacks. 

Sheng Dai, leader of Nanomaterials Chemistry Group and senior research scientist at Chemical Sciences Division of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and adjunct professor at the University of Tennessee at Knoxville (UTK), received his PhD in chemistry from UTK in 1990. He has authored or coauthored more than 180 peer-reviewed journal or book publications. He currently holds five U.S. patents. His research interest includes chemical synthesis of novel materials, separation, catalysis, sensor development, and molecular recognition. Many of these publications are in the area of ionic liquids. 

For example, Wuelfing et al. reported on the synthesis of Au NPs using the thiolated polymer, a-methoxy-co-mercapto-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-SH), as stabilizer in a modification of the Brust-Schiffrin method using a 1/12 polymer thiol/ AuC14 ratio. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the product had modestly polydisperse Au cores of average diameter 2.8 1 nm. This nanomaterial led to characteristics uniquely different from alkanethiolate MPCs, notably aqueous solubility, thermal and chemical stability, ligand footprint size, and ionic conductivity [66]. 

Prominent exceptions are studies on the liquid crystal phase formation and self-assembly of two-dimensional disc- or sheet-like nanomaterials such as the organization of nanodiscs or nanoplatelets into nematic, smectic, or columnar morphologies [263-270] (see Fig. 2 for an example of the self-assembly of nanoclay in aqueous suspensions) or the synthesis of CuCl nanoplatelets from ionic liquid crystal precursors as described by Taubert and co-workers [271-273]. 

In ionic liquids the situation seems to be totally different. It was surprising to us that the electrodeposition of metals and semiconductors in 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide delivers nanocrystalline deposits with grain sizes varying from 10 to 200 nm for the different materials, like Si, Al, Cu, Ag and In, investigated to date. It was quite surprising in the case of Al deposition that temperature did not play a tremendous role. Between 25 and 125 °C we always got nanocrystalline Al with similar grain sizes. Similar results were obtained if the deposition was performed in tri-hexyl- tetradecylphos-phonium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) amide. Maybe liquids with saturated nonaromatic cations deliver preferentially nanomaterials this is an aspect which, in our opinion, deserves further fundamental studies. 

The strategy of self-assembly could be applied to open up developments in molecular-based nanomaterials. We believe that the combination of ionic liquids and biomolecules, organic molecular self-assemblies and inorganic nanomaterials, can lead to new dimensions in materials science. 

Similar to covalent interaction, AuNPs can also be self-assembled onto the electrode surface by electrostatic interaction (Figure 8). Nowadays, electrostatic self-assembly of nanomaterials on functionalized surfaces is a versatile approach for generating monodispersed 2D arrays [64-67], Surface functionalization can be performed by self-assembly of ionic species of a particular charge onto the substrate. Onto this charged surface, species of the opposite charge can be adsorbed, such as the protecting shell of the nanostructures. An... 

Nanomaterials are systems that contain particles with one dimension in the nanometer regime. The past decade has witnessed a growing intense interest from biologists, chemists, physicists, and engineers in the application of these materials -the so-called nanotechnology , which is sometimes referred to as the next industrial revolution [1]. The reasons for such interest are the unusual properties and potential technological applications that are exhibited by these materials when compared to their bulk counterparts [2-10]. In this chapter, attention will be focused onrather simple ionic solids, where the interatomic attractions are predominantly coulombic forces, and the dimensions are predominantly <100 nm. Such systems have been termed nanoionics [11,12]. 

Abedin SZE, PoUeth M, Meiss SA et al (2007) Ionic liquids as green electrolytes for the electrodeposition of nanomaterials. Green Chem 9 549-553... 

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