Investment profile

As we transform the costs of iterations, we have to transform our investment profile. Being wealthy means you have more choices. If you have more choices, your values matter more. In the end you have a portfolio of iterations. How do we want to manage those iterations ... 

Given the excellent investment profile outlined above, it is not surprising that combinatorial chemistry attracts consistent investment, as shown in Figure 24.1. 

Companies produce alloys and blends in order to extend their existing resin capacity and product lines without high capital investment and to achieve property profiles required for specific appHcations. 

Moral Examine column profiles before investing... 

A substantial investment in algebra is needed to evaluate the six constants, but the result is remarkable. The exit concentration from an open system is identical to that from a closed system. Equation (9.20), and is thus independent of Dt and Dou The physical basis for this result depends on the concentration profile, a(z), for z<0. When Z) = 0, the concentration is constant at a value if until z = 0+, when it suddenly plunges to u(0+). When D >0, the concentration begins at when z = —oo and gradually declines until it reaches exactly the same concentration, u(0+), at exactly the same location, z = 0+. For z>0, the open and closed systems have the same concentration profile and the same reactor performance. 

Sorensen TL, Sellebjerg F (2001) Distinct chemokine receptor and cytokine expression profile in secondary progressive MS. Neurology 57 1371-1376 Sorensen TL, Tani M, Jensen J, Pierce V, Lucchinetti C, Folcik VA, Qin S, Rottman J, Sellebjerg F, Strieter RM, Frederiksen JL, Ransohoff RM (1999) Expression of specific chemokines and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system of multiple sclerosis patients. J Clin Invest 103 807-815... 

Suppose you are asked to evaluate the purchase of the multicone cyclone referred to in Example 3.4. The capital investment is 35,000 (see Example 3.4), and the equipment has a class life of 5 years, after which it will be sold for the salvage value of 4000. The income stream generated by the machine is on line A in Tables EB.5A and EB.5B. As the equipment ages, its operating and maintenance costs increase, and line B lists the expense profile. Assume a tax rate of 35 percent with no investment tax credit. Evaluate two possible scenarios (a) 100 percent use of equity and (b) 100 percent debt financing. Use straight-line depreciation for debt financing, for simplicity assume equal annual payments (principal plus interest) to the lender for the 5 years at a rate of 10.5%. 

Figure 1.2 R D investments by research-based US pharmaceutical companies. Source. The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). Pharmaceutical Industry Profile 2006. http //www.phrma.org/files/2006%20Indusry%20 Profile.pdf, and http //www.phrma.org/news room/press releases/r%26d spending by u.s. biopharmaceutical companies reaches a record %2455.2 billion in 2006/ [accessed July 7, 2007].

Luo J, Isaacs WB, Trent JM, Duggan DJ. 2003. Looking beyond morphology cancer gene expression profiling using DNA microarrays. Cancer Invest 21 937. 

Bakan DA, Weichert JP, Longino MA, Counsel RE (2000) Polyiodinated triglyceride lipid emulsions for use as hepatoselective contrast agents in CT effects of physicochemical properties on bio distribution and imaging profiles. Invest Radiol 35 69... 

At lead selection, after which typically more chemistry effort is invested, the selected compounds can be profiled in a broader (secondary) panel of assays, hopefully confirming the selective nature of the leads. If this is the case, spot checking in the primary panel through the optimization phase may be sufficient to ensure selectivity is retained while the required potency at the primary target is achieved. If the selected leads are still rather promiscuous, or certain individual unwanted liabilities remain, these should be monitored by testing in the primary panel (or in additional individual assays) and improved upon during lead optimization. Tfie broader panel can then be applied again to the selected development candidates for a final check and these may even be extended further to additional specialized panels for added security. 

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