Intraperitoneal toxicity

Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (cycHc trimer) is a respiratory irritant. Nausea has also been noted on exposure (10). Intravenous and intraperitoneal toxicity measurements were made on mice. The highest nonlethal dose (LDq) was measured as 20 mg/kg (11). Linear chloropolymer is also beUeved to be toxic (10). Upon organic substitution, the high molecular weight linear polymers have been shown to be inert. Rat implants of eight different polyphosphazene homopolymers indicated low levels of tissue toxicity (12). EZ has been found to be reasonably compatible with blood (13), and has lower hpid absorption than fiuorosihcone. 

Me PEG/PCL nanospheres Injectable drug carrier Single and short-term (7 days— intraperitoneal) toxicity in mice No toxicity reported 39... 

Rumbrin (181) from the fungus Auxarthron umbrinum exhibits cytoprotective activity against cell death caused by calcium overload in 3T3-Swiss albino cells. It also shows inhibitory activity against lipid peroxidation in rat brain homogenate and low intraperitoneal toxicity in mice [142]. 

Aune, T, Sorby, R., Yasumoto, T, Ramstad, H., and Landsverk, T. 2002. Comparison of oral and intraperitoneal toxicity of yessotoxin towards mice. Toxicon 40, 77-82. 

The Army s interim RfD of 4 x 10" mg/kg of body weight per day for GA was based on a subchronic intraperitoneal toxicity study in rats, in which depression in plasma-cholinesterase (ChE) activity was considered... 

Intraperitoneal Toxicity. There are no signihcant differences in the i.p. acute lethal molar toxicity between HCN, NaCN, and KCN. Time to onset of signs is between 1 and 4 min, and time to death is 1-26 min. 

Table V. Effects of 1- and 4-Substituents on the Intraperitoneal Toxicity to Mice of Bicycloorthocarboxylates...

Aune, T., Larsen, S., Aasen, J.A.B., Rehmann, N., Satake, M., and Hess, P. Relative toxicity of dino-physistoxin-2 (DTX-2) compared with okadaic acid, based on acute intraperitoneal toxicity in mice. Toxicon, 49, 1-7, 2007. 

Tubaro, A. et al.. Oral and intraperitoneal toxicity studies of yessotoxin and homoyessotoxins in mice, Toxicon, 41, 783, 2003. 

Intraperitoneal toxicity to mice was used to establish a structure-activity relationship since this was the piece of information available for the highest number of PTX analogues. The scarce amounts of pure PTXs has precluded the inclusion of several analogues in studies of other PTX biological activities. In every in vitro study that includes more than one analogue, the structure-activity relationship is similar to that obtained in vivo [4,19]. The in vitro study that includes more analogues compares the effects on actin cytoskeleton of PTX-1, -2, -11, and -2SA in human neuroblastoma and rat hepatocarcinoma cells, and the results resemble in vivo toxicity, with PTX-2 and -11 being the more potent compounds, followed by PTX-1 [19]. In the same experiments, PTX-2SA had no effect [19]. 

Data on the acute intraperitoneal toxicity of purified palytoxin and of extracts of palytoxin-containing organisms are summarized in Table 32.5. The intraperitoneal LD50 of palytoxins in mice is very similar to that recorded by intravenous injection. In the rat, however, the acute toxicity by intraperitoneal injection is approximately seven times lower than the intravenous LD50. 

Another study on mouse intraperitoneal toxicity is below standard significance and is shown only because it supports the negative steric effect for 2,6-substituents and shows a low dependance on Zn similar to the phenols. 

The data presented in Table 1 indicate that, in most instances, differences between the retinoids with respect to their acute oral toxicity, within or between species, are small. Acute intraperitoneal toxicity of retinoids is generally greater than acute oral toxicity, and differences between species are usually relatively minor. 

Southwood J (1985b) PP993 Acute oral toxicity, acute intraperitoneal toxicity, and acute dermal toxicity studies. Zeneca Agricultural Products Laboratory Project No. CTL/P/986, Wilmington, DE. 

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