Intracranial angiography, cerebral

FIGURE 6.1 CT angiography of an EC-IC bypass, showing the new intracranial course of the right superficial temporal artery, anastamosed to the middle cerebral artery M2 segment. 

Zazulia AR, Diringer MN, Videen TO et al (2001) Hypoperfusion without ischemia surrounding acute intracerebral hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 21 801-810 Zhu XL, Chan MS, Poon WS (1997) Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage which patients need diagnostic cerebral angiography A prospective study of 206 cases and review of the literature. Stroke 28 1406-1409... 

Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage which patients need diagnostic cerebral angiography A prospective study of 206 cases and review of the literature. Stroke 28 1406-1409... 

The study of cerebrovascular disease has advanced markedly in recent years with advances in non-invasive imaging methods such as MR angiography and CT angiography as well as an improved understanding of the immune system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease is a common cause of strokes and shows a predilection for sites such as the bifurcation of the common carotid artery into the internal and external carotid arteries and the aortic arch and the major intracranial arteries such as the basilar artery and the middle cerebral arteries. Occlusive atherosclerotic vascular disease of these large extracranial arteries is responsible for as many as 20-30% of ischemic strokes and intracranial steno-occlusive disease causes around 5-10% of ischemic strokes. 

A 44-year-old woman was given ephedrine intravenously, to manage hypotension during spinal anesthesia. She developed intracranial hypertension and focal cerebral deficits related to multiple hemorrhagic cerebral infarcts. Angiography showed reversible beading, consistent with cerebral arteritis. 

Aoki Y, Nakasawa K, Tago M et al. (1996) Clinical evaluation of Gamma knife radiosurgery for intracranial arteriovenous malformations. Radiat Med 14 265-268 Aoki S, Sasaki Y, Machida T et al. (1998) 3D-CT angiography of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Radiat Med 16 263-271... 

Takano K, Utsunomiya H, Ono H et al. (1999) Dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MR angiography in intracranial vascular abnormalities. Eur Radiol 9 1909-1912 Takeuchi S, Kikuchi H, Karasawa J, Naruo Y et al. (1987) Cerebral hemodynamics in arteriovenous malformations evaluation by single-photon emission CT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 8 193-197... 

Houkin K, Aoki T, Takahashi A, Abe H, Koiwa M, Kashiwaba T (1994) Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of ruptured cerebral aneurysm. Acta Neurochir 128 132-136 Housepian E, Pool J (1958) A systematic analysis of intracranial aneurysms from the autopsy file of the Presbyterian Hospital, 1914 to 1956. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 17 409-423... 

ACT for vascular imaging works with intravenously administered contrast agent as well The automatic contrast injection is comparable to conventional CT angiography we use 80 ml Imeron 400, flow rate 4 ml s, injection time 20 s, and X-ray delay 20 s. The FD-CT does not provide a possibifity to perform bolus-tracking up to now. The scan time for Dyna-CT is 20 s thus, the intracranial veins show bouncing enhancement Recently, there has been no possibility to perform subtraction of bony structures, but even small cerebral artery... 

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