Intracranial vascular

Heiserman JE, Drayer BP, Keller PJ, Fram EK. Intracranial vascular stenosis and occlusion evaluation with three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography. Radiology 1992 185 667-673. 

Crowell RM, Olsson Y. Effect of extracranial-intracranial vascular bypass graft on experimental acute stroke in dogs. J Neurosurg 1973 38 26-31. 

Primary intracerebral hemorrhage is more common than subarachnoid hemorrhage, and its incidence increases with age (see Fig. 1.1). It is more frequent in Southeast Asian, Japanese and Chinese populations than in whites. The most common causes are intracranial small vessel disease, which is associated with hypertension, cerebral amyloid angiopathy and intracranial vascular malformations (Sutherland and Auer 2006). Rarer causes include saccular aneurysms, hemostatic defects, particularly those induced by anticoagulation or therapeutic thrombolysis, antiplatelet drugs, infective endocarditis, cerebral vasculitis and recreational drug use (Neiman et al. 2000 O Connor et al. 2005). 

Intracranial vascular malformations are uncommon, probably congenital, and sometimes familial (Byrne 2005). Those in the dura, draining into the sinuses rather than cerebral veins, can also be caused by skull fracture, craniotomy or dural sinus thrombosis. The overall intracranial vascular malformations detection rate is approximately 3 per 100 000 population per annum and the prevalence is about 20 per 100 000 (Brown et al. 1996). 

Bornebroek M, Westemdorp RGJ, Haan J et al. (1997). Mortality from hereditary cerebral haemorrhage with amyloidosis Dutch type. The impact of sex parental transmission and year of birth. Brain 120 2243-2249 Brott T, Broderick J, Kothari R et al. (1997). Early haemorrhage growth in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage. Stroke 28 1-5 Brown RD, Wiebers DO, Torner JC et al. (1996). Incidence and prevalence of intracranial vascular malformations in Olmsted, County Minnesota 1965 to 1992. Neurology 46 949-952... 

Bash S, Villablanca JP, Jahan R et al (2005) Intracranial vascular stenosis and occlusive disease evaluation with CT angiography, MR angiography, and digital subtraction angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 26 1012-1021... 

Knaut, M. (2006) Intracranial vascular malformations and aneurysms from diagnostic work-up to endovascular therapy. Springer. 

Intracranial Vascular Malformations and Aneurysms From Diagnostic Work-Up to Endovascular Therapy Edited by M. Forsting... 

Brown RD Jr, Wiebers DO, Torner JC et al. (1996b) Frequency of intracranial hemorrhage as a presenting symtom and subtype analysis a population-based study of intracranial vascular malformations in Olmsted Country, Minnesota. J Neurosurg 85 29-32... 

Takano K, Utsunomiya H, Ono H et al. (1999) Dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MR angiography in intracranial vascular abnormalities. Eur Radiol 9 1909-1912 Takeuchi S, Kikuchi H, Karasawa J, Naruo Y et al. (1987) Cerebral hemodynamics in arteriovenous malformations evaluation by single-photon emission CT. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 8 193-197... 

Weir B, MacDonald N, Mielke B (1978) Intracranial vascular complications of choriocarcinoma. Neurosurgery... 

By using the vascular system as an access route to intracranial vascular pathologies, many vascular diseases can be treated nowadays from the inside with only minimal invasiveness. 

The editors focus on intracranial vascular malformations and aneurysms which, together, comprise a major proportion of the bread earned by the neurointerventional-ist. The book not only deals excellently with interventional procedures, but also illuminates underlying pathological changes, different classification schemes, indications for endovascular therapy and relevant studies that have been conducted in this field. 

I am convinced that the second edition of Intracranial Vascular Malformations and Aneurysms will be at least as successful as the first one. 

Noran, H.H., 1945. Intracranial vascular tumors and malformations. Archives of Pathology 39, 393 16. 

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