Calcium binding proteins intracellular

Interstitial hydrido, in high-nuclearity carbonyl clusters, NMR data, 30 168 Intracellular calcium-binding proteins, 46 442, 443-456... 

Goodman, M., Pechere, J. F., Haiech, J., and Demaille, J. G. 1979. Evolutionary diversification of structure and function in the family of intracellular calcium-binding proteins. J Mol Evol 13 331-352. 

The main function of the intracellular calcium binding proteins is to modulate cellular events in response to the calcium signal. Analysis of the sequence of many of the intracellular calcium binding proteins has suggested the existence of two distinct families the EF domain family and the annexin fold family. For completeness, we have grouped the remainder of the intracellular calcium binding proteins into a miscellaneous category. 

Finally, a relationship between intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration and the damages in Purkinje cells through intracellular calcium-binding proteins was recently reported (Franchinia et al. 2005). However, it is not easy to establish a direct relationship between mechaiusm of action and i.p. administration, since no data about YTX bioavailability is reported and the route has high variability in the doses administrated and in the effect reported (see below). 

The C2 domain was first identified in calcium-dependent PKC isoforms, and refers to the conserved domain 2 in PKC with about 80 160 residues. To date, more than 100 proteins have been identified as containing C2 domains. It is one of the most widely used modules of intracellular calcium-binding proteins. Some proteins contain two or more repeats of the C2 domain in a single peptide chain, such as synaptotagmin, double C2 protein (DOC2), and Muncl3. ... 

Calmodulin is a highly conserved intracellular calcium-binding protein that regulates several different enzymes in eucaryotic cells. With the exception of calmodulins from several plants and lower eucaryotes, these proteins all contain a... 

Heizmann CW (1984) Parvalbumin, an intracellular calcium-binding protein distribution, properties and possible role in mammalian cells. Experientia, 40, 910-921. 

Stimulus Response Coupling, the Role of Intracellular Calcium-binding Proteins, V. L. Smith, J. R. Dedman, eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1990. 

In mast cells, both preformed mediators and those that are synthesized de novo after antigen challenge are released by a process that is believed to involve IgE-induced activation of a serine-esterase-like enzyme, the activation of methyltransferase activities within the plasma membrane, and an influx of calcium into the cell (Ishizaka, 1983). Inside the cell, calcium is believed to interact with the intracellular calcium-binding protein, calmodu-... 

Haizmann, C. W., and W. Hunziker. Intracellular calcium-binding proteins. In F. Bonner, ed. 

Heizmann, G W., and Hunziker, W., Intracellular calcium-binding proteins More sites than insights. Trends Biol. Sci. 16, 98 (1991). 

The majority of the EF-hand family of calcium-binding proteins occur within the cell. However, there are several recent cases in which EF-hand motifs have been identified in proteins expressed outside of the cell or on the cell surface. These are discussed in Sections III and IV. In this section we will concentrate our discussions on intracellular calcium-binding proteins and give some examples of the best-known and most studied examples of such proteins. This is by no means an exhaustive list of EF-hand proteins, only a consideration of some examples that have been extensively studied from a structural perspective. Excellent introductions to the entire EF-hand family by Kawasaki and Kretsingar (11) and Celio (5) are recommended to those interested in other members of this fascinating family of proteins. 

The EF hand is by far the most common motif for intracellular calcium-binding proteins. Briefly, it is an approximately 30 amino acid-long peptide chain composed of a central calcium-binding loop flanked by two alpha helixes. The name EF-hand was coined by Kretsinger... 

Parvalbumin is an intracellular calcium-binding protein in the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins including troponin C, calmodulin, SIOOB, and calbindin (Yanez et al, 2012). Parvalbumin is a cytosolic protein that... 

Calmodulin is a major intracellular calcium-binding protein which regulates a wide variety of calcium-dependent processes (Cheung 1982). The binding of calcium to calmodulin induces a conformational change in the protein to an active form. The calcium-calmodulin complex is then capable of regulating a host of other molecules such as phosphodiesterase, adenylate kinase, protein kinases, and Ca-ATPase. Cadmium has been shown to... 

The best-studied actions of vitamin D are in the intestinal mucosa, where the intracellular calcium-binding protein is essential for the absorption of calcium from the diet. Here the vitamin has another action as well to increase the transport of calcium across the mucosal membrane. The increase in transport of calcium is seen immediately after feeding vitamin D, whereas the increase in absorption is a slower response, as it depends on new synthesis of the binding protein. The rapid response to vitamin D does not involve new protein synthesis, but presumably reflects an effect on preformed calcium transport proteins in the cell membrane. 

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