International Union of Pharmacology

In general the receptor nomenclature used is consistent with the recommendations of the various International Union of Pharmacology (lUPHAR) Committee on receptor nomenclature (19,20). In some cases the human receptor has been cloned. By convention, pharmacologicaUy defined receptors are shown ia capital letters cloaed receptors ia lower case letters. 

IUPHAR, an acronym for International Union of Pharmacology, a nongovernment organization of national societies functioning under the International Council of Scientific Unions. 

Catterall WA, Perez-Reyes E, Snutch TP et al (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. XLVIII. Nomenclature and structure-function relationships of voltage-gated calcium channels. Pharmacol Rev 57 411-425... 

Barnard EA, Skolnick P, Olsen RW et al (1998) International Union of Pharmacology. XV. Subtypes of y-aminobutyric acidA receptors classification on the basis of subunit structure and receptor function. Pharmacol Rev 50 291-313... 

Hill SI, Ganellin CR, Timmerman H et al (1997) International Union of Pharmacology XIII Classification of histamine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 49 253—278... 

Brink C, Dahlen S, Drazen J et al (2003) Internation Union of Pharmacology XXXVILNomenclature for Leukotriene and Lipoxin receptors. Pharmacol Review 55 195-227... 

Michel MC, Beck-Sickinger AG, H Cox et al (1998) XVI. International Union of Pharmacology recommendations for the nomenclature of neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide receptors. Pharmacol Rev 50 143-150... 

Hollenberg MD, Compton SJ (2002) International union of pharmacology. XXVII. Proteinase-activated receptors. Pharmacol Rev 54 203-217... 

Hoyer D, Clarke DE, Fozard JR et al (1994) International Union of Pharmacology classification of receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin). Pharmacol Rev 46 157-204... 

Montana V, Ni Y, Sunjara V, Hua X, Parpura V (2004) Vesicular glutamate transporter-dependent glutamate release from astrocytes. J Neurosci 24 2633-2642 Murphy TH, Blatter LA, Wier WG, Baraban JM (1993) Rapid communication between neurons and astrocytes in primary cortical cultures. J Neurosci 13 2672-2679 Murphy PM, Baggiolini M, Charo IF, Hebert CA, Horuk R, Matsushima K, Miller LH, Oppenheim JJ, Power CA (2000) International union of pharmacology. XXll. Nomenclature for chemokine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 52 145-176... 

Lukas, RJ, Changeux, JP, Le Novere, N, Albuquerque, EX, Balfour, DJ, Berg, DK, Bertrand, D, Chiappinelli, VA, Clarke, PB, Collins, AC, Dani, JA, Grady, SR, Kellar, KJ, Lindstrom, JM, Marks, MJ, Quik, M, Taylor, PW and Wonnacott, S (1999) International Union of Pharmacology. XX. Current status of the nomenclature for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and their subunits. Pharmacol. Rev. 51(2) 397 01. 

Murphy PM, Baggiolini M, Charo IF, et al. International union of pharmacology. XXII. Nomenclature for chemokine receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2000 52 145-176. 

Murphy PM. International Union of Pharmacology. Update on chemokine receptor nomenclature. Pharmacol Rev 2002 54 227-229. 

Caulfield, M. P. Birdsall, N. J. (1998). International union of pharmacology. XVIII. Classification of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. Pharmacol. Rev. 50, 279-90. 

Dhawan BN, Cesselin F, Raghubir R et al. International Union of Pharmacology XII. Classification of Opioid Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 1997 48 567-592. 

Hieble, J. P., Bylund, D. B., Clarke, D. E. etal. International Union of Pharmacology. X. Recommendation for nomenclature of alpha 1-adrenoceptors consensus update. Pharmacol. Rev. 47 267-270,1995. 

Hill, S. J., Ganellin, C. R., Timmerman, H. etal. International Union of Pharmacology. XIII. Classification of histamine receptors. Pharmacol. Rev. 49 253-278,1997. 

Clapham, D. E., Montell, C., Schultz, G. and Julius, D. International Union of Pharmacology. XLIII. Compendium of voltage-gated ion channels transient receptor potential channels. Pharmacol. Rev. 55 591-596,2003. 

Catterall,W.A., Goldin,A. L. andWaxman, S. G. International Union of Pharmacology. XXXIX. Compendium of voltagegated ion channels sodium channels. Pharmacol. Rev. 55 575-578, 2003. 

Neubig, R.R., Spedding, M., Kenakin, T., and Christopoulos, A., International Union of Pharmacology Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification. XXXVIII. Update on terms and symbols in quantitative pharmacology, Pharmacol. Rev., 55, 597, 2003. 

According to the International Union of Pharmacology Committee, a receptor is a cellular molecule, or an assembly of macromolecules, that is concerned directly and specifically in chemical signaling between and within cells. Combination of a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug, or intracellular messenger with its receptor(s) initiates a change in cell function. 

X Receptor alpha and beta, Liver X Receptor alpha and beta, and Vitamin D Receptor, International Union of Pharmacology, LXII. 

Hoyer D, Qarke DE, Eozard JR, et al. International union of pharmacology classification of receptors for 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin). Pharmacol Rev 1994 46 157-203. 

Hewlett AC, Barth F, Bonner TI, Cabral G, Casellas P, Devane WA, Felder CC, Herkenham M, Mackie K, Martin BR, Mechoulam R, Pertwee RG, International Union of Pharmacology. XXVII. Classiheation of cannabinoid receptors,... 

---