Interferon production protein kinase

Langland JO, Pettifotd S, Jiang B et al. Products of the porcine group C rotavirus NSP3 gene bind specifically to double-stranded RNA and inhibit activation of the interferon-induced protein kinase PKR. J Virol 1994 68 6) 3821-3829. 

The molecular basis by which interferons promote their characteristic effects, in particular antiviral activity, is understood at least in part. Interferon stimulation of the JAK-STAT pathway induces synthesis of at least 30 different gene products, many of which cooperate to inhibit viral replication. These antiviral gene products are generally enzymes, the most important of which are 2 -5 oligoadenylate synthetase (2,5-A synthetase) and the eIF-2a protein kinase. 

Binding of human interferon-lb to specific cell receptors induces the expression of a number of interferon-induced gene products (e.g., 2, 5 -oligoandenylate synthetase, protein kinase, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase that are believed to be mediators of the biological actions... 

D. M. Rose, B. W. Winston, E. D. Chan, D. W. H. Riches, and P. M. Henson, Interferon-y and Transforming Growth Factor-P Modulate the Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases and Tumor Necrosis Factor-a Production Induced by Fcg-Receptor Stimulation in Murine Macrophages, Biochemical Biophysical Research Communication, 238 (1997) 256-260. 

Although it is not possible to delineate the mechanisms by which interferon beta-lb exerts its activity in MS. it is known that the interferon binds to specific receptors on cell surfaces and induces the expression of a number of interferon-induced gene products, such as 2. 5 -oligoadenylate synthetase and protein kinase. Additionally, interferon beta-lb blocks the synthesis of INF-y. which is believed to be involved in MS attacks. 

Johnson PA, MacLean C, Marsden HS, Dalziel RG, Everett RD (1986) The product of gene USll of herpes simplex virus type 1 is expressed as a true late gene. J Gen Virol 67 871 883 Kerr IM, Brown RE (1978) pppA2 p5 A2 p5 A an inhibitor of protein synthesis synthesized with an enzyme fraction from interferon-treated cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75 256 260 Khabar KS, Dhalla M, Siddiqui Y, Zhou A, Al-Ahdal MN, Der SD, Silverman RH. Williams BR (2000) Effect of deficiency of the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR, on antiviral resistance in the presence or absence of ribonuclease L HSV-1 replication is particularly sensitive to deficiency of the major IFN-mediated enzymes [In Process Citation]. J Interferon Cytokine Res 20 653-659... 

---