Insects gossypiella

A SN reaction-based domino route to clerodane diterpenoid tanabalin (2-488) [258] has been described by Watanabe s group (Scheme 2.111) [259]. This natural product is interesting as it exhibits potent insect antifeedant activity against the pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, a severe pest of the cotton plant The domino sequence towards the substituted trans-decalin 2-487 as the key scaffold is induced by an intermolecular alkylation of the (5-ke toes ter 2-484 with the iodoalkane 2-483 followed by an intramolecular Michael addition/aldol condensation (Robin-... 

Different from the use of ordinal insecticides, this disruption method has high target selectivity and, as would be desired, ensures the survival of natural enemies. The sex pheromone, which shows no toxicity to mammals, is an ideal insect-behavior regulator (IBR). Table 8 shows the application areas of main mating disruptants for lepidopteran insects. In addition to the use of the synthetic pheromone of P. gossypiella in large cotton fields, many disruptants are... 

The pink bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella Saund.), considered to be potentially the worst pest of cotton in the United States, occurs throughout the major cotton-producing areas in Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil, and Argentina. It probably causes more damage to cotton in the tropical Americas than any other insect. 

Cuts from the silica gel column were incorporated into artificial diets optimized for several economically-important agricultural pest insects, the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella> the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens> the corn earworm H. zea and the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda. > Monitoring with this artificial diet bioassay, further column chromatography and preparative TLC on silica gel in diethylether-petrol yielded five... 

Limonoid Insect Species Pectinophora Spodoptera gossypiella frugiperda Heliothis zea... 

Figure 4. Electron micrograph of a pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella, after ingestion of the crude methanol extract of Ajuga remota roots. This insect has three head capsules that mask its functiorml mouthparts- The insect eventually starved to death. Magnification X 113.

Selection for altered pheromone-component ratios in the pink bollworm moth, Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera Gelechiidae). Journal of Insect Behavior 2 609-621. 

Figure 3. Ecdysis Inhibition of a larva of the pink bollvorn, Pectinophora gossypiella. The larva three head capsules which masked the functional mouthparts. The Insect eventually starved to death. Magnification X 125.

The first 5t-cotton field trial was reported in 1992 [18] and since 1996 only one 5t-cotton (Bollgard , Monsanto) has been released. This plant expresses the Cry 1 Ac protein which protects it against several lepidopteran insect pests Heliothis virescens, Helicoverpa zea, and Pectinophora gossypiella). In 1999, 27 percent of the total acreage of cotton was planted with 5t-cotton in the USA. 

As far as we know, there are only four publications devoted to cometathesis of COD with 1-hexene for pheromone synthesis of pink bollworm moth Pectinophora gossypiella) [31-34]. In 1973 Hammel et al recognized that a sex pheromone of this pest is a blend of 7Z,1 IZ-hexadecadienyl acetate and its corresponding Z,E-isomer [35]. It was shown later that the isomer ratio produced by the insect females depends on the geographic area of habitants. As a rule the natural content of Z,Z-isomer is about 56-62% [36-38]. Haynes et al found that the effectiveness of the action of artificial sex... 

Isol. from the female pink bollworm moth Pectinophora gossypiella. Insect repellent. Liq. df 0.996. Bp,g 160°. >XS3675000. 

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