Insecticide poisoning sources

Uses/Sources. In wood preservatives metallurgy for hardening copper, lead, alloys pigment production manufacture of certain types of glass insecticides and fungicides, rodent poison a by-product in the smelting of copper ores dopant material in semiconductor manufacmre... 

It is difficult to obtain figures that accurately reflect the incidence of pesticide poisoning, and the number of documented cases of direct human poisoning in the USA varies from source to source. It was estimated that there are 100,000 nonfatal cases of human poisoning each year from pesticide exposure (7). In 1973 there were 1,A7A cases of occupational illness associated with pesticide exposure in California (8). Organophosphate insecticides are a major cause of occupational poisoning. 

The same sources that emit elemental phosphorus to air are also responsible for its emission to water. In its initial states of operation, the ERCO plant in Newfoundland, Canada, which produced white phosphorus, discharged 68-91 kg/day of colloidal white phosphorus into the Long Harbor inlet of Placentia Bay in Newfoundland. Elemental phosphorus was found in both the effluent water and the bottom sediment of Long Harbor (Davidson et al. 1987 EPA 1991). White phosphorus is also expected to be found in the effluents from user industries where it is converted into products such as phosphoric acid and phosphate, detergents, fireworks, insecticide, rat poisons, flotation agents, and red phosphorus (Idler et al. 1981). 

Anticholinesterase insecticides are among the most poisonous substances commonly used for pest control and are a frequent source of serious poisoning in children and adults in rural and urban settings. The 2003 AAPCC-TESS report documented 11,332 nonfatal exposures and 19 deaths from anticholinesterase insecticides alone or in combination with other pesticides, with 31% of the exposures in children younger than 6 years of age. ... 

Chemical and biological activity studies of P. erosus seeds started since 1890 with M. Gresshoff, leading forty years later to the identification of rotenone (32) as the insecticide, acaricidal and fish poison [61]. At the present time, at least twenty isoflavonoids, mainly rotenoids "Fig. (10) have been isolated from this source (Table 4). 

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