Innovation Britain

In a recent assessment of various pricing and profit cost containment schemes Scherer(2004) makes the point that most such schemes are a dis- incentives for innovation his view of the PPRS is less unfavourable less impairment of such incentives would be expected with a system such as that used in Great Britain under which... 

This book is an international collaborative effort, with authors from Canada, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Japan, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States. It is not possible to cover all aspects of this subject in a single volume, but the contributions here are broadly representative of innovative work in the field. The order of the chapters is developed from the relationship of the topics and is not necessarily related to the sequence of contributions at the two symposia from which much of the initial material was derived. 

Britain contributed technical innovation, industrial and financial power, and military manpower to the Allied victory. Hydrophones, tanks and aircraft are obvious examples of new weapons, and hardly suggest industrial backwardness or military conservatism. However, innovation with traditional weapons was no less important. New scientific artillery techniques made a bigger contribution to the defeat of the German army in 1918 than the more publicised tank. Even new weapons depended upon tactical innovation to be effective. The army s success was possible only when the different arms - artillery, infantry, tanks (when available) and aircraft - had learned to operate together. The navy s success over the U-boat required the adoption of the convoy system as well as the development of hydrophones. 

Comparative Methods of Measuring Innovation NCEs Marketed in the United States and Great Britain... 

Lasagna, Louis Wardell, William and Hansen, Ronald, "Technological Innovation and Government Regulation of Pharmaceuticals in the U.S. and Great Britain", National Science Foundation Grant No. RDA-75 19066-00, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, 1977. 

THE ENTRY INTO PETROCHEMICALS Because the early 1950s were a period of rapid innovation in polymer/petrochemical technology, Hercules was able to build a new learning base in that industry and become a first mover in one of the most versatile of the new commodities, polypropylene (PP). Its strategy was excellent. The company worked closely with European inventors and companies that, like Hercules, had not been involved in the new technology s wartime development. After pioneering the invention of a new process for phenol resins, it joined with Britain s Distillers Company to commercialize and license the process. Its first plant came on-stream in 1952.4... 

Many of the innovations that have lead to Japanese commercial leadership are based on discoveries made in the United States, Great Britain, or Western Europe. Specifically, Sony Trinitron TV is based on technology "discovered" in the United States. Sony innovated a commercial system/product based on this. In the late 1960 s, Japanese TV manufacturers adopted solid state systems for their units United States manufacturers stated "they would never fly". 

The editor s reference to co-operation in Britain hardly included the type of close industry-academic links that had existed in Germany since the 1880s. He was referring to the Association of British Chemical Manufacturers encouragement of co-operation between chemical producers, and of close links with government departments, which to some extent influenced parliament. In common with many innovations in the British chemical industry, the association was itself a product of enforced wartime cooperation, having been founded in 1916. After World War I, a number of chemical trade and scientific research associations had been formed in Britain. The latter had been set up under the aegis of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, itself a wartime creation (1916), and had close links with universities. The Chemical Research Laboratory, renamed the National Chemical Laboratory in 1928, was also an outcome of these initiatives. 

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