Inlet systems programmed-temperature vaporization

Gas chromatograph systems are composed of an inlet, carrier gas, a column within an oven, and a detector (O Figure 1-1). The inlet should assure that a representative sample reproducibly, and frequently automatically, reaches the column. This chapter will cover injection techniques appropriate for capillary columns. These include direct, split/splitless, programmed temperature vaporization, and cool on-column injection (Dybowski and Kaiser, 2002). 

Programmed-temperature vaporizer electronic pressure-controlled sample inlet systems -ms grade columns, solid-phase microextraction sampling techniques, large-volume injectors, integrated guard columns, multidimensional GC, sol-gel columns, improvements in silphenylene phases, advances in GC-MS, more affordable benchtop GC-MS systems... 

Programmed-temperature vaporizer, an inlet system designed to perform a temperature programmed injection, a cold injection system for direct liquid injection for split or splitless injection, solvent spHt technique and cryo-enrichment. 

Because of the variety of columns and samples that can be analyzed by GC, several injection techniques have been developed. The packed inlet system is designed mainly for packed and wide-bore columns. However, an adapter can be used to enable capillary columns to be used. When injection is carried out in the on-column mode, glass wool can be used for packing the injector. For capillary GC, spht technique is most common, which is used for high concentration samples. This technique allows injection of samples virtually independent of the selection of solvent, at any column temperature, with httle risk of band broadening or disturbing solvent effects. The sphtless technique, on the other hand, is used for trace level analysis. The so-called cold injection techniques (on-column, temperature programed vaporization, cooled needle split) have also been recently developed. " " ... 

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