Injury factors

A. Ammonia is highly toxic, likely to cause serious injury, factor = 0.6. 

Jayamanne, D.G., BeU, R.W. Non-penetrating corneal foreign body injuries factors affecting delay in rehabilitation of patients. J Accid Emerg Med 11(3), 195-197 (1994)... 

The cellular distribution of CNTF mRNA in astrocytes and Schwann cells plus the responses to CNTF of motoneurons in vitro and in vivo suggest that CNTF might be a neurotrophic factor during development, after injury or disease, or for homeostasis. The hypothesis that CNTF has a developmental neurotrophic function is not supported by the difficulty in detecting CNTF mRNA in prenatal animals (Stockli et al., 1991) although much lower concentrations of CNTF mRNA than are found in the mature nervous system might yield sufficient protein for biological activity. The hypothesis that CNTF is an injury factor in the PNS... 

The pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease is best viewed as an imbalance between mucosal defense factors (bicarbonate, mucin, prostaglandin, nitric oxide, and other peptides and growth factors) and injurious factors (acid and pepsin). On average, patients with duodenal ulcers produce more acid... 

An item of sports equipment that has been improved greatly with regard to player safety is the crash helmet. American football helmets are polycarbonate or ABS shelled, while impact nylons are often used on motorbike crash helmets. Another item of sports equipment in the United States where safety has been improved is a Reduced Injury Factor baseball that has a novel polyurethane core material. 

D. Kriebel, in Occupational Injuries Factors Associated with Frequency and Severity, makes these interesting observations about the relation between injury frequency and severity. 

Although there are some injury factors that you can do little about, others you can directly control. For example, drinking alcohol is a primary cause of many ii juries and deaths, especially from motor vehicle accidents. 

Albrecht RM, Schermer CR, Morris A (2002) Nonoperative management of blunt splenic injuries factors influencing success in age >55 years. Am Surg 68 227-230... 

Biotin, the anti-egg white injury factor, is presumably needed in human nutrition, but requirement would be difficult to establish. The intestinal bacteria synthesize this factor, and the average diet appears to supply... 

Kriebel, D. 1982. Occupational injuries factors associated with frequency and severity. 

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