Fibre optics oxygen

Lippitsch M.E., Pusterhofer J., Leiner M.J.P., Wolfbeis O.S., Fibre optic oxygen sensor with the fluorescence decay time as information carrier. Anal. Chim. Acta 1988 205 1. 

Table 6.1 Comparison between fibre-optic oxygen sensors and commercial electrode sensors.

Fibre-optic oxygen sensor systems Commercial electrodes... 

Ui tsdi, M. E., Pusfiertjofec, J., Leiner, M. J. P, and Wc fbeis, O. S., 1988, Fibre-optic oxygen sensfvwith the flumescencedeci time as the informalitm carrier, Anal Chitn. Acta 205 l-6. 

Krihak, M.K. and M.R. Shahriari, Highly sensitive, all solid state fibre optic oxygen sensor based on the sol-gel coating technique. Electronics Letters, 1996. 32(3) p. 240-242. 

W. Trettnak, M.J. Leiner and O.S. Wolfbeis, Optical sensors. Part 34. Fibre optic glucose biosensor with an oxygen optrode as the transducer, Analyst, 113(10) (1988) 1519-1523. 

Figure 3.36—Fibre-optic fluorescence sensor for in vivo measurement of oxygen partial pressure. (Reproduced from [255] with permission of the American Chemical Society).

The process used in the treatment of patients by PDT involves the application of the photosensitiser, either topically or by systemic injection, which then selectively accumulates in the tumour (or lesion). In the next step low energy light is led into the tumour via a fibre optic, where it interacts with the sensitiser and oxygen, causing cell destruction. This is shown schematically in Figure 4.21. 

Hypoxia can now be detected and quantified by microelectrodes and the binding of reactive, reduced metabolites of nitroimidazoles, which reflect oxygen levels (because the radical-anion reduction intermediate is oxygen reactive) [30]. A new fibre-optic probe for tissue oxygenation, now available commercially, relies on measurements of emission from a ruthenium probe, which has an oxygen-dependent excited-state lifetime [31]. Acute or fluctuating hypoxia, which has features in common with ischaemia/reperfusion and therefore with myocardial infarction and stroke, can be detected by vascular stains such as bisbenzimidazole intercalators with different fluorescent characteristics. These can be administered intravenously a few minutes apart ... 

Yamazoe N, Suematsu K, Shimanoe K (2012) Extension of receptor function theory to include two types of adsorbed oxygen for oxide semiconductor gas sensors. Sens Actuators B 163 128-135 Yeo TL, Sun T, Grattan KTV (2008) Fibre-optic sensor technologies for humidity and moisture measurement. Sens Actuators A 144 280-295... 

Dremel, B. A., S. Y. Li, and R. D. Schmid. 1992. On-line determination of glucose and lactate concentrations in animal cell culture based on fibre optic detection of oxygen in flow-injection analysis. Biosens. Bioelectron. 7 133-139. 

PS2 activity measurements were done with an oxygen sensor consisting of a polymer optical fibre (POF) coated with an oxygen-sensitive foil (Presens, Regensburg, Germany) as specified in [Nowaczyk et al., in this book]. 

Figure 6.2 A bifurcated optical fibre is used to carry light to a probe. The hose tip consists of a thin layer of hydrophobic sol-gel material doped with a ruthenium complex which senses oxygen and reveals its content. (Image courtesy of Ocean Optics.)...

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