Inflammation limits

The vapour pressure of a liquid provides an essential safety parameter and it is mandatory that safety sheets contain these values (when they are known). This parameter is taken into account in some classification methods of inflammability risk. It enables one to determine the equilibrium vapour concentration of a liquid in air. This concentration can then be used to ascertain whether a working environment presents an inflammability risk (by reference to the inflammability limits) or a toxicity hazard (by comparison with the exposure values). 

Bromoethane was used in sterilisation equipment to make diethyl ether atmospheres fireproof. This method is inefficient since 31 % brominated derivative should be used. Inflammability data regarding bromoethane vary from one author to the next. It is most often agreed that this compound has very narrow inflammability limits (13.5-14.5%). The range is more critical under pressure and is thought to reach 8.6-20%. 

G. W. Jones, Inflammation Limits and Their Practical Application in Hazardous Industrial Operations, Chem. Rev. (1938), 22(1) 1-26. 

Refs 1) H.F. Coward, Limits of Inflammability of Gases and Vapors, B of M Bull 279 (Revised 1939) 2) L. Do lie, Inflammability Limits of Vapors from Solids, Magasin CTO Paris (1953) CA 48, 13222 (1954) 3) G. Dixon-Lewis G.L. Isles, Seventh Symposium (Inti) on Combustion (1960) 4) B. Lewis ... 

Any reading about polyphenols in the medical journals inevitably leads us back to the health of the endothelium and the role of nitric oxide (NO). Truly, that s where the action is, with good reason, since NO has vital abilities to help arterial dilation, prevent inflammation, limit the formation of blood clots, and, in general, promote arterial health. In that special AJCN supplement, one of the most prominently discussed sources of polyphenols was GSE. That s because GSE has one of the highest concentrations of those potent substances. Just a little bit goes a long way. 

The inflammability limits for flame propagation in a vertical tube of mixtures of this peroxide with air have been measured [105]. 

Figure 22. Dependence of inflammation temperature of equimolar mixes of ethylene with chlorine on radical concentration, showing existence of two regions corresponding to upper and lower inflammation limits. Dashed line shows computed relationship at i = 0J, q /q...

Fig. 12.—Effect of initial pressure on inflammability limits of methane-air mixtures. Data of Bolte and Newitt. [Compare Berl and Werner, Z. anyno. Chem. 40, 24S-S0 (1927).]...

The inflammability limits in air for the lower olefins have been determined to be as follows 80... 

The inflammability limits for ethylene-air mixtures have been found by White31 to be ... 

The theoretical air required for the oxidation of toluene to benzoic add, 1.5 mols of oxygen per mol of tolnene, amounts to about 30 cn. ft. of air measured at 20° C. (6S° F.) and one atmosphere, per pound of toluene oxidized. Similarly, the theoretical air for oxidation to bcnzalcle-hyde amounts to 20 cu. ft. per pound of tolnene oxidized. The explosive limits of toluene at ordinary pressures and temperatures as measured in narrow tubes or small vessels are lower limit, 0.003375 lbs. toluene per cu. ft. air (296.5 cu. ft. air per lb. toluene) and upper limit, 0.01927 lbs. toluene per cu. ft. air (52 cu. ft. air per lb. toluene).1151 In the case of the lower aliphatic hydrocarbons as methane and ethane it is well known that the explosive or inflammability limits widen with rise in temperature so that it could well be expected that mixtures of toluene and air leaner than the one given for the lower limit and richer than the one for the upper limit would become inflammable as the temperature becomes higher. The same is true for increase in size of the explosion chamber. Hence, although theoretical mixtures of toluene and air for formation of benzaldehyde and benzoic acid lie on the rich side of the inflammable range,... 

The first implanted synthetic polymeric biomaterial appears to be PMMA, which was used as a hip prosthesis in 1947 (see USP XVIII, The Pharmacopia of the USA, (18th Revision), US Pharmacopoeial Convention, Inc., Rockville, MD, 1 September 1980). Polyethylene, and then other polymers, were used as implants in the middle ear in the early 1950s, yielding good initial results, but local inflammation limited the use of these materials. 

Many organic solvents and Cl are related to highly flammable fluids whose vapors can form explosive mixtures on contact with air. The lowest concentration inflammability limit (LCIL) of highly inflammable solvents (acetone,... 

When the branching of a chain is held in check by the diffusion of atoms or radicals to the walls there is normally a marked dependence of the inflammation limit upon the size of the containing vessel. Rate of chain-branching depends upon the volume of reacting gas removal by diffusion depends upon the surface area. Thus with increase in size there is a shift in favour of branching and an increase in explosive character. The critical pressure limit above which... 

Corticosteroids To decrease inflammation Limited evidence Yes Yes Hospital emergency dept. 

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