Inductively coupled glow discharge

Figure C2.13.3. Schematic illustrations of various electric discharges (a) DC-glow discharge, R denotes a resistor (b) capacitively coupled RF discharge, MN denotes a matching network (c), (d) inductively coupled RF discharge, MN denotes matching network (e) dielectric barrier discharge.

There is a branch of MS specially designed for dealing with the analysis of inorganic materials.[21,22] Different specific ionization techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS),[23] glow discharge mass spectrometry (GD-MS)[24] and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS),[25] are available and they are widely used in cultural heritage applications. Their description is beyond the scope of this chapter. 

Glow discharge source (GDMS) Laser ion source (LIMS) Secondary ion source (SIMS) Sputtered neutral source (SNMS) Thermal ionization source (TIMS) Inductively coupled plasma ion source (ICP-MS)... 

The ion source is an essential component of all mass spectrometers where the ionization of a gaseous, liquid or solid sample takes place. In inorganic mass spectrometry, several ion sources, based on different evaporation and ionization processes, such as spark ion source, glow discharge ion source, laser ion source (non-resonant and resonant), secondary ion source, sputtered neutral ion source and inductively coupled plasma ion source, have been employed for a multitude of quite different application fields (see Chapter 9). 

Recently, Hieftje et al.15-16 equipped a small double-focusing mass spectrograph built in house with Mattauch-Herzog geometry with several ion sources (such as glow discharge, an inductively coupled plasma ion source or a microwave plasma torch) and a novel array detector for simultaneous ion detection. 

Inductively Coupled and Microwave Induced Plasma Sources for Mass Spectrometry 4 Industrial Analysis with Vibrational Spectroscopy 5 Ionization Methods in Organic Mass Spectrometry 6 Quantitative Millimetre Wavelength Spectrometry 7 Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy A Practical Guide 8 Chemometrics in Analytical Spectroscopy, 2nd Edition 9 Raman Spectroscopy in Archaeology and Art History 10 Basic Chemometric Techniques in Atomic Spectroscopy... 

Four techniques based on mass spectrometry are widely used for multi-elemental trace analysis of inorganic compounds in a wide range of sample types. These techniques are thermal ionization (TI), spark source (SS), glow discharge (GD) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometry. In these techniques, atomization and ionization of the analysed sample are accomplished by volatilization from a heated surface, attack by electrical discharge, rare-gas ion sputtering and vaporization in a hot flame produced by inductive coupling. 

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