Laser ablation combined with inductively couple plasma

In the same year, combination with laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) was first carried out on cellulose TLC plates... 

Laser based mass spectrometric methods, such as laser ionization (LIMS) and laser ablation in combination with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) are powerful analytical techniques for survey analysis of solid substances. To realize the analytical performances methods for the direct trace analysis of synthetic and natural crystals modification of a traditional analytical technique was necessary and suitable standard reference materials (SRM) were required. Recent developments allowed extending the range of analytical applications of LIMS and LA-ICP-MS will be presented and discussed. For example ... 

With the advent of multiple-collector inductively coupled plasma-source mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) it is now possible to measure Mg/ Mg and Mg/ Mg of Mg in solution with a reproducibility of 30 to 60 ppm or better (Galy et al. 2001). What is more, ultraviolet (UV) laser ablation combined with MC-ICPMS permits in situ analysis of Mg-bearing mineral samples with reproducibility of 100 to 200 ppm (Yoimg et al. 2002a). These new analytical capabilities allow mass-dependent fractionations of the isotopes of Mg to be used as tracers in natural systems. 

In the context of chemical speciation, a new hyphenated technique, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), in combination with gel electrophoresis, appears as an emerging and powerful tool for metal complexation studies of proteins, giving multielement information about metals bound to the previously separated metalloproteins. 

Preferred methods in trace determination of the elements include atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), optical emission spectrometry (OES) with any of a wide variety of excitation sources [e.g., sparks, arcs, high-frequency or microwave plasmas (inductively coupled plasma, ICP microwave induced plasma, MIP capacitively coupled micro-wave plasma, CMP), glow discharges (GD). hollow cathodes, or laser vaporization (laser ablation)], as well as mass spectrometry (again in combination with the various excitation sources listed), together with several types of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis [51]. 

The corabination of an inductively coupled plasma ion source and a magnetic sector-based mass spectrometer equipped with a multi-collector (MC) array [multicollector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS)] offers precise and reliable isotope ratio data for many solid elements. In fact, MC-ICP-MS provides data, the trueness (accuracy) and precision of which is similar to, or, in some cases, even superior to, that achieved by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), considered the benchmark technique for isotope ratio measurements of most solid elements [1], The basic strength of ICP-MS lies in the ion source, which achieves extremely high ionization efficiency for almost all elements [2, 3]. Consequently, MC-ICP-MS is likely to become the method of choice for many geochemists, because it is a versatile, user-friendly, and efficient method for the isotopic analysis of trace elements [4-8], The ICP ion source also accepts dry sample aerosols generated by laser ablation [9-16], The combination of laser ablation (LA) with ICP-MS is now widely accepted as a sensitive analytical tool for the elemental and isotopic analysis of solid samples. 

Neilsen, J.L. Abildtrap, A. Christensen, J. Watson, P. Cox, A. McLeod, C.W. Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry in Combination with Gel Electrojiioresis A New Strategy for Speciation of Metal Binding Seram Proteins. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B1998,55B, 339-345. 

Neilsen.J. L., Abildtrup, A., Christensen, J., and Watson, P. (1998). Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in combination with gel electrophoresis A new strategy for speciation of metal binding serum proteins. Spectrochim.Acta, Part B 53(2), 339. 

Ghazi, A. M., Shuttleworth, S., Angulo, S. J., and Pashley, D. H. (2000) Gallium diffusion in human root dentin quantitative measurements by pulsed Nd YAG laser ablation combined with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. J. Clin. Laser Med. Surg., 18, 173-83. 

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