Induced composite

H. H. Anderson, "lon-Bombardment-Induced Composition Changes in Alloys and Compounds," in J. S. WiUiams and. M. Poate, eds.. Ion Implantation and Beam Processing, Academic Press, Inc., New York, 1984, Chapt. 6. 

In practice, thermal cycling rather than isothermal conditions more frequently occurs, leading to a deviation from steady state thermodynamic conditions and introducing kinetic modifications. Lattice expansion and contraction, the development of stresses and the production of voids at the alloy-oxide interface, as well as temperature-induced compositional changes, can all give rise to further complications. The resulting loss of scale adhesion and spalling may lead to breakaway oxidation " in which linear oxidation replaces parabolic oxidation (see Section 1.10). 

Maclellan, D.L., Steen, H., Adam, R.M., Garlick, M., Zurakowski, D., Gygi, S.P., Freeman, M.R. and Solomon, K.R. (2005) A quantitative proteomic analysis of growth factor-induced compositional changes in lipid rafts of human smooth muscle cells. Proteomics 5, 4733-4742, Published on-line. 

Weinstein S. A. (1992) Induced compositional layering in a convecting fluid layer by an endothermic phase transition. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 113, 23-39. 

Ideally, the catalytic chemist would desire a technique capable of analysing the surface composition of bimetallic nanoparticles. Currently, no truly reliable methods exist for this type of analysis. XPS and EXAFS are not sufficiently accurate and CO adsorption may itself induce compositional changes in the surface layer. However, these techniques, perhaps used in tandem with high resolution techniques such as HRTEM, do provide useful qualitative insight into the surface composition of bimetallic particles. 

CuRiALE, J. A. Bromley, B. W. 1996a. Migration induced compositional changes in oils and condensates of a single field. Organic Geochemistry, 24(12), 1097-1113. 

Lee, B. R, Douglas, J. F., and Glolzer, S. C. FiUer-induced composition waves in phase-separating polymer blends. PhysRevE., 60,5812-22 (1999). 

Induced decomposition produces deviations from the simple rate law of Equation (20-14). Induced composition is technologically used to accelerate the hardening of unsaturated polyesters. 

The surface chemical composition of brown coal ash particles formed during combustion has been determined by Ersez and Liesegang (1991) to detect any sputter-induced composition changes or to observe any difference between the surface and bulk compositions of the ash. They have observed that certain steels used for heat exchanger piping may well be predisposed to aluminosilicate fouling due to their intrinsic A1 content. 

In experiments, the stress components are measured as the force density acting on a surface with a macroscopic linear dimension d. If d is longer than the characteristic size of the network structure of the polymer-rich region, the temporal stress fluctuations will be suppressed. Nevertheless, the shear-induced composition fluctuations will reduce the shear stress on the average and enhance the normal stress difference. 

Mariani S, Corigliano A (2005) Impact induced composite delamination state and parameter identification via joint and dual extended Kalman filters. Comput Method Appl Mech Eng 194(50-52) 5242—5272 Nagarajaiah S, Li Z (2004) Time segmented least squares identification of base isolated buildings. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng J 24(8) 577—586... 

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