Indirect production

Rettner C T and Auerbach D J 1994 Distinguishing the direct and indirect products of a gas-surface reaction Science 263 365... 

Benefits derived from a P2 or control project are sometimes difficult to fully assess because they often include indirect productivity-based gains. For example, increased worker productivity can be a potential outfall of improving the air quality... 

It is emphasized that drug activity is observed through a translation process controlled by cells. The aim of pharmacology is to derive system-independent constants characterizing drug activity from the indirect product of cellular response. 

Optionally, Ru(bipy)22 + can be reduced to Ru(bipy)3 + that annihilate with Ru (bipy)33+ to generate 3 Ru(bipy)32+. ECL mechanism of the Ru(bipy)32+ + C2Of system, however, may be somewhat more complicated than presented above, because the both, C2042 and Ru(bipy)32 +, electroactive species undergo electrochemical oxidation at similar electrode potentials. It may lead to indirect production... 

Carbon dioxide is, of course, fundamentally important to plants because of photosynthesis. Most plant cell cultures are heterotrophic, non-photosynthetic and use a chemical energy source. It is reasonable to suspect, however, that some of the control mechanisms for the photosynthetic dark reactions would be regulated by C02 concentration. This could affect both cell growth and, indirectly, production of useful compounds. More concretely, C02 is known to promote synthesis of ethylene [38] on the other hand, C02 concentrations of 5-10% inhibit many ethylene effects [53]. 

Indirect production routes via the reforming of the produced biofuels (e.g. biogas, bio-oil) ... 

Indirect production of antagonists wherein an enzyme acting on a substrate liberates a chemical messenger that triggers the de novo synthesis of a new and biologically more active chemical. 

Compositional and isotopic studies have shown that a wide range of organic materials are sequestered in marine sediments. These include direct or indirect products of marine photoautotrophy, vascular plant debris, and relict OC derived from sedimentary rock weathering. 

Humus formation Internal Direct Indirect Production of gut enzymes that favor the condensation reactions Biosynthesis of waxes, etc. Production of enzymes that favor humification by gut symbionts... 

Advertising and promotion containing direct or indirect product claims and/or quotations from the scientific literature must include a complete listing of the scientific references. 

Epoxidation with hydroperoxides is the basis for the large-scale indirect production of propylene oxide by a process that has been called the Oxirane or Halcon processes. Early work was reported by Smith in a patent issued in 1956 [457], which described soluble heteropoly acids containing transition metals such as chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten that could be employed as homogeneous catalysts for the reaction of olefins with organic hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxide. 

Hypothetically, direct and indirect products of gamma radiation are capable of reproducing the chemical reactions occurring in tannin-anthocyanin polymerization as proposed by Timberlake and Bridle (13). Hydrogen peroxide is a product of water radiolysis... 

Lactate dehydrogenase and lactate oxidase Indirect production 20... 

To date, the Fischer-Tropsch is the only commercially operating method for the indirect production of liquids from coal the Sasol plant in South Africa (Figure 19.22) has been in operation since 1956 (Hoogendorn and Salomon, 1957 Bodle and Vygas, 1974 Singh, 1981 Swart et al., 1981 Dry and Erasmus, 1987 Chadeesingh, 2011). 

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