INDEX perspectives

Citation searching of patents offers a perspective different from either traditional class searching or traditional subject index searching. A citation search on known fundamental patents can lead directiy to improvement patents, even when those patents are so new that they have not yet been indexed. This technique can be especiaHy effective when working in an unfamiliar area, or one which is difficult to index. 

Peakall, D. (1996). Disrupted patterns of behaviour in natural populations as an index of toxicity. Environmental Health Perspectives 104, Supplement 2 331-335. 

E S R.. Fenton. Transferrin Complexes with Non-Physiological and Toxic Metals, David M. Taylor. Transferrins, Edward N. Baker. Galactose Oxidase, Peter Knowles and Nobutoshi Ito. Chemistry of Aqua Ions of Biological Importance, David T. Richens. From a Structural Perspective Structure and Function of Manganese - Containing Biomolecules, David C. Weatherburn, Index. Volume 3,1996,304 pp. 109.50/ 70.00 ISBN 1-55938-642-8... 

Fisher, E., Judith, J., and Rene von, S., eds. 2006. Implementing the Precautionary Principle Perspectives and Prospects. Cheltenham, UK and Northampton, MA, US Edward Elgar. lARC. 2006. The International Agency for Research on Cancer website, http //www.iarc.fr/index.html IHCP. 2006. The Institute for Health and Consumer Protection website. http /ihcp.jrc.cec.eu.int ESfCHEM. 2006. The IPCS BSfCHEM website. http /www.inchem.org/... 

From a purely pragmatic perspective, it is clear that reactive metabolites are linked with toxicity and that a circumstantial link can be made to idiosyncratic toxicides. Consequently, even though the mechanism of this toxicity is not fully understood, since assays are available to measure the potential for bioactivation in an ideal world one would not carry this liability forward. Conversely, it is not an ideal world, all drug molecules have challenges and the definition of therapeutic index (i.e., the ratio between the toxic exposure and the therapeutic exposure) is critical. Covalent binding of reactive metabolites to macromolecules is a crude measure and not a full predictor of toxicity and it is well known that toxicity can be ameliorated by a lower dose. Furthermore, the so-called definitive assays require radiolabeled drug material which is expensive and generally slow to produce. 

Redfern et al. studied the occurrence of QT prolongation and the lethal arrhythmia torsades de pointes (see Chapter 16) in marketed drugs from the perspective of the therapeutic index [50]. This group proposed a therapeutic index of 30-fold, calculated from the free Cmax at the therapeutic dose and the in vitro potency in the manual hERG patch clamp assay. This level, or even higher, seems to be generally followed by the industry. 

Buyken, A. E., Kroke, A. (2005). Glycemic index of potatoes myth and reality from a European perspective. British Journal of Nutrition, 94, 1035-1037. 

To put solar energy into perspective, one should review other energy resources as well. Fortunately, throughout this encyclopedia, such energy information is available. See list of articles at end of this description and also consult alphabetical index. 

Poulin, R. and Mouillot, D. (2003) Parasite specialization from a phylogenetic perspective a new index of host specificity. Parasitology 126, 473 t80. 

From a completely different perspective, several authors [10] considered the frequency-dependent speed of light. Here, the main idea is that if one assigns a small but nonzero conductivity to Maxwell vacuum, and considers the propagation of photon in such a vacuum, it gives rise to frequency-dependent speed of light and hence a nonzero but finite photon mass. Here, this small conductivity of the vacuum can be realized to the refractive index of the... 

CONTENTS Preface, C. Allen Bush. Thermodynamic Solvent Isotope Effects and Molecular Hydrophobicity, Terrence G. Oas and Eric J. Toone. Membrane Interactions of Hemolytic and Antibacterial Peptides, Karl Lohner and Richard M. Epand. Spin-Labeled Metabolite Analogs as Probes of Enzyme Structure, Chakravarthy Narasimhan and Henry M. Miziorko. Current Perspectives on the Mechanism of Catalysis by the Enzyme Enolase, John M. Brewer and Lukasz Leb-ioda. Protein-DNA Interactions The Papillomavirus E2 Proteins as a Model System, Rashmi S. Hedge. NMR-Based Structure Determination for Unlabeled RNA and DNA, Philip N. Borer, Lucia Pappalardo, Deborah J. Kenwood, and Istvan Pelczer. Evolution of Mononuclear to Binuclear CuA An EPR Study, William E. Antholine. Index. 

Although only a1 and e are used as additional descriptors so far, some others might be useful in the future. One of the most apparent is the local electronic polarizability of the molecule in the vicinity of a surface segment i, which we may represent by a local refractive index n,. Such local polarizability or local refractive index would allow for a refinement of the electrostatic misfit term, which presently only takes into account an average electronic polarizability of organic molecules. It is also likely that the local electronic polarizability is of importance to the strength of hydrogen bonds, which so far in COSMO-RS are only a function of polarity. Finally, from a physical perspective, the vdW interactions should be a function of the local polarizability as well. 

This index comprises the names of contributors to Volumes 1-8 of Perspectives in Supramolecular Chemistry... 

DCB-Dichlorobenzene DDT-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane DOE-Department of Energy EDB-Ethylene dibromide EHP-Environmental Health Perspectives EOI-Exposure Opportunity Index EPA-Environmental Protection Agency ETO-Ethylene oxide FDA-Food and Drug Administration ... 

Consider first a series of eight views of the same data matrix for the intensity coefficient ii for a relative refractive index m of 1.200. Figures 1 through 8 represent different perspective viewpoints of the same three-dimensional matrix viewed from the front, right-hand side, back, etc., so as to reveal details of the simple behavior of complicated mathematical functions. 

However, the circumferential wall heat transfer area increases as the aspect ratio increases. So, from a heat transfer, dynamic stability perspective, a large aspect ratio is desirable. Figure 2.8 shows the effect of aspect ratio on the various design and operating parameters for a design conversion of 80%. Increasing L/D increases heat transfer area, which decreases the required AT driving force and raises jacket temperature. The reactor stability index improves substantially. 

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