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Incretin effect

The incretin effect is reduced in type 2 diabetes, and this is attributed, at least in part, to reduced secretion of GLP-1. The biological actions of GLP-1 remain essentially intact in type 2 diabetes, but administration of extra GLP-1 is not a practical therapeutic option because the peptide is degraded rapidly if A < 2 min) by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4). DPP-4 cleaves the N-terminal dipeptide from many of the peptides that have either an alanine or a proline residue penultimate to the N-terminus (Fig. 6). [Pg.122]

Incretin Hormones. Figure 2 The incretin effect. Patients underwent an oral or equivalent intravenous glucose load so that the glycemic profiles became similar. In such conditions, the data show that the oral glucose load is more potent to stimulate insulin secretion than an equivalent intravenous glucose stimulus. [Pg.624]

The release of these peptides may explain why the modest postprandial increase in serum glucose seen in normal subjects has a relatively robust stimulatory effect on insulin release, whereas a similar glucose concentration in vitro elicits a significantly smaller increase in insulin secretion. Likewise, this effect (certain factors potentiating insulin release), known as the incretin effect, could account for the greater beta cell response seen after an oral glucose load as opposed to that seen after the administration of glucose intravenously. [Pg.799]

Reduced Incretin Effect in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes... [Pg.114]

In healthy human subjects oral glucose elicits a considerably higher insuhn secretory response than does intravenous glucose (even if leading to the same glycemic increments). This incretin effect is substantially reduced or even completely lost in patients with type 2 diabetes [86]. The reduction in the incretin effect probably is an acquired defect. [Pg.114]

Reduction in file incretin effect [86] Replacement of incretin activity/enhanced incretin effect Yes Yes Yes Not tested, but probable Not tested, but probable... [Pg.115]

Kolligs F, Fehmann HC, Goke R, Goke B. Rednction of the incretin effect in rats by the glncagon-like peptide 1 receptor antagonist exendin (9-39) amide. Diabetes 1995 44 16-19. [Pg.133]

Nauck M, Stockmann F, Ebert R, Crentzfeldt W. Reduced incretin effect in Type 2 (noninsulin-dependent) diabetes. Diabetologia 1986 29 46-54. [Pg.134]

Krarup T, Vilsbpll T, Madsbad S, Larsen S, Holst JJ, Hpjberg PV, et al. The incretin effect is preserved in glucose tolerant patients with chronic pancreatitis -but reduced in patients with chronic pancreatitis and secondary diabetes (abstract 0657). Diabetologia 2006 49(Suppl. 1) 399. [Pg.134]

Nauck MA, Homberger E, Siegel EG, AUen RC, Eaton RP, Ebert R, et al. Incretin effects of increasing glucose loads in man calcnlated from venons insulin and C-peptide responses. J Chn Endocrinol Metab 1986 63 492--f98. [Pg.134]

Nauck MA, El-Ouaghlidi A, Gabrys B, Hticking K, Holst JJ, Deacon CF, et al. Secretion of incretin hormones (GIP and GLP-1) and incretin effect after oral glucose in first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes. Regul Pept 2004 122 209-217. [Pg.136]

Opinto G, Natalicchio A, Marchetti P (2013) Physiology of incretins and loss of incretin effect in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Arch Physiol Biochem 119 170-178... [Pg.205]

Endocrine In addition to peripheral insulin resistance and an impaired incretin effect, type 2 diabetes is associated with increased plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFa). In a cross-over study on 10 healthy male volunteers, systemic inflammation induced by TNFa was used to examine any resultant alteration in the incretin hormone response to intravenous glucose. TNFa levels that induced symptoms of systemic inflammation increased plasma levels of this cytokine as well as levels of cortisol and IL-6 and increased the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. By contrast, secretion of incretin hormones and the incretin effect remained unchanged [69 ]. [Pg.568]

Nielsen ST, Lehrskov-Schmidt L, Krogh-Madsen R, Solomon TP, Lehrskov-Schmidt L, Holst JJ, et al. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha infusion produced insulin resistance but no change in the incretin effect in healthy volunteers. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2013 29(8) 655-63. [Pg.586]


See other pages where Incretin effect is mentioned: [Pg.117]    [Pg.121]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.624]    [Pg.625]    [Pg.160]    [Pg.117]    [Pg.121]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.122]    [Pg.624]    [Pg.625]    [Pg.97]    [Pg.98]    [Pg.800]    [Pg.175]    [Pg.175]    [Pg.114]    [Pg.116]    [Pg.116]    [Pg.183]    [Pg.184]    [Pg.185]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.97 , Pg.98 , Pg.99 ]




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