Incoordination

Section 7 16 Atoms other than carbon can be chirality centers Examples include those based on tetracoordmate silicon and Incoordinate sulfur as the chirality center In principle Incoordinate nitrogen can be a chirality center m compounds of the type N(x y z) where x y and z are different but inversion of the nitrogen pyramid is so fast that racemization occurs vrr tually instantly at room temperature... 

Overexposure to tetrachloroethylene by inhalation affects the central nervous system and the Hver. Dizziness, headache, confusion, nausea, and eye and mucous tissue irritation occur during prolonged exposure to vapor concentrations of 200 ppm (15). These effects are intensified and include incoordination and dmnkenness at concentrations in excess of 600 ppm. At concentrations in excess of 1000 ppm the anesthetic and respiratory depression effects can cause unconsciousness and death. A single, brief exposure to concentrations above 6000 ppm can be immediately dangerous to life. Reversible changes to the Hver have been reported foUowing prolonged exposures to concentrations in excess of 200 ppm (16—22). Alcohol consumed before or after exposure may increase adverse effects. 

Metal soaps may cause skin irritation or sensiti2ation. They are harm fill if swallowed or ingested, which could result in gastrointestinal irritation and vomiting. Inhalation of concentrated vapors can lead to headaches and incoordination. 

In the search for new structures with antiinflammatory activities some 1-substituted 3-dimethylaminoalkoxy-lJ/-indazoles (704) have been synthesized and pharmacologically tested (66JMC38). Doses of 20-40 mg g i.p. produced sedation, muscle relaxation and motor incoordination, whereas doses of 80-100 mg kg produced depression. Toxicity was fairly constant in all series, varying from 120 to 150 mg kg i.p., with the exception of compounds possessing a nitro group or an amino group in the indazole nucleus, which provoked cyanosis. 

Clinical signs and symptoms of toxicity are related to the overstimulation of muscarinic, nicotinic, and central nervous system receptors in the nervous system. Muscarinic receptors are those activated by the alkaloid drug muscarine. These receptors are under the control of the parasympathetic nervous system, and their hyperactivity results in respiratory and gastrointestinal dysfunction, incontinence, salivation, bradycardia, miosis, and sweating. Nicotinic receptors are those activated by nicotine. Hyperactivity of these receptors results in muscle fasciculations even greater stimulation results in blockade and muscle paralysis (Lefkowitz et al. 1996 Tafliri and Roberts 1987). Hyperactivity of central nervous system receptors results in the frank neurological signs of confusion, ataxia, dizziness, incoordination, and slurred speech, which are manifestations of acute intoxication. Muscarine and nicotine are not... 

At blood levels of 0.02 g%-0.09 g% (4.34 to 19.5 mmol/L) may see some prolonged reaction time and muscular incoordination At blood levels from 0.1 g%-0.2g% (21.7 to 43.4 mmol/L) may see obvious prolonged reaction time, obvious incoordination and ataxia, and mental impairment At blood levels from 0.2 g% to 0.3g% (43.4 to 65.1 mmol/L) marked ataxia, some dysarthria, and possible nausea and vomiting At blood levels from 0.3 g% to 0.4g% (61.5 to 86.8 mmol/L) severe dysarthria, amnesia, and hypothermia... 

Most cases of mild to moderate intoxication with alcohol, as well as cases in which blood alcohol levels (BALs) are at the lower limits of legal intoxication (80 to 100 mg%, 0.08 to 0.1% or 17.4 to 21.7 mmol/L), do not require formal treatment. Such intoxications are characterized by mood lability, loud or inappropriate behavior, slurred speech, incoordination, or unsteady gait. 

Dysarthria A speech disorder due to weakness or incoordination of speech muscles speech is slow, weak, and imprecise. 

Goat (NS) once (G) 5000 (anorexia, incoordination, paralysis, demyelination and swelling of axon cylinder, vacuolation in neurons of motor nucleus) Dollahite and Pierce 1969 Cellulube 220... 

Chicken (White Leghorn) once (GO) 11350 F (94% decrease in brain NTE, incoordination, inability to stand) Stauffer Chemical 1980 Fyrquel EHC... 

One of the most sensitive systems affected by lead exposure is the nervous system. Encephalopathy is characterized by symptoms such as coma, seizures, ataxia, apathy, bizarre behavior, and incoordination (CDC 1985). Children are more sensitive to neurological changes. In children, encephalopathy has been associated with PbB levels as low as 70 pg/dL (CDC 1985). The most sensitive peripheral index of neurotoxicity of lead is reported to be slowed conduction in small motor libers of the ulnar nerve in workers with 30-40 pg/dL lead in blood (Landrigan 1989). Other potential biomarkers of lead suggested for neurotoxicity in workers are neurological and behavioral tests, as well as cognitive and visual sensory function tests (Williamson and Teo 1986). However, these tests are not specific to elevated lead exposure... 

Hood HM, Buck KJ. Allelic variation in the GABA-A receptor yl subunit is associated with genetic susceptibility to ethanol-induced motor incoordination and hypothermia, conditioned taste aversion, and withdrawal in BxD/Ty recombinant inbred mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2000 24 1327-1334. 

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