Inclusion Properties

Inclusions of Other Grown Analogues. A variety of crown analogues and hybrid modifications (24—28) with other topological features (lariat ethers (31,32), octopus molecules (33), spherands (eg, (12) (34), torands (35)) including chiral derivatives (36) have been prepared and demonstrated to show particular inclusion properties such as chiroselective inclusion (Fig. 4) (37) or formation of extremely stable complexes (K ">(LR) for (12)... 

A cage-like complex results from the tris(imidazol-l-ylmethyl)benzene ligand in the presence of zinc acetate, [Zn3L2(OAc)6], and exhibits inclusion properties to neutral guest molecules in aqueous solution.134... 

It is possible to translate the symbolism of the scissors and its basic structure into the field of molecules (cf. Fig. 11 b). Indeed, the scissor-shaped bulky binaphthyl compound equipped with two appending carboxy groups 1 (l,l -binaphthyl-2,2 -di-carboxylic acid, Fig. 11 c), as mentioned at the beginning (Sect. 1), strictly meets the general structure of an assumed coordinatoclathrate host (cf. Fig. 7). Also, the compound is in keeping with the considerations on an expectedly favorable lattice build-up (see Sect. 3.1). For checking, the crystal inclusion properties of 1 were studied in detail2). 

Because of the superior inclusion properties exhibited by 1 2), one may infer that the positional isomer with reference to the carboxylic group, 7, also behaves as a good inclusion host. However, this is not true. So far, we have not succeeded in isolating any inclusion compound of an uncharged molecule using 7, except those of a salt-like nature (see Sect. 4.2.2.). Obviously the functional groups of 7 are located in the molecule in a way that works against the net bulkiness of the skeleton (connected with the crystal build-up) in 1 they cooperate. 

In case of the bianthrylmonocarboxylic acid 20, one may predict the formation of a lattice inclusion at least with dimethylformamide, but we did not succeed in obtaining it37. Instead a stable 1 1 stoichiometric inclusion compound of 20 is readily obtainable (Table 3). The bianthryldicarboxylic acid 21, which is a direct analogue of 1, is not available in sufficient quantity to be tested in respect to its lattice inclusion properties. 

The selective inclusion properties of 40 (Table 6) offer several possibilities of compound separation which are of interest in analytics and for preparation purposes37). The separation of methanol from a mixture with ethanol, or of propionic aldehyde from propionic acid, or of 2-chloropropionic acid from propionic acid or lactic acid, etc., are a few examples. 

Yamato, T. Zhang, F. Kumamaru, K. Yamamoto, H. Synthesis, conformational studies and inclusion properties of tetrakis(2-pyridinylmethoxy)thiacalix[4]arenes. J. Inch Phenom. Macrocycl. Chem. 2002, 42, 51-60. 

Given the range of host molecules that may be that be put into network structures and strong current interest in the inclusion properties of crystalline network materials, embedding molecular hosts into hydrogen bonded network structures will continue to be a fruitful and exciting area of inclusion and structural chemistry. 

Defined structure with minimum inclusion properties to prevent preferential adsorption of specific components from plasma or serum. 

The selective intercalation of guests into solid hosts offers the potential for application in catalysis and separation science. An excellent case in point is zeolites, which exhibit shape and size selective inclusion properties and are used for an enormous variety of processes [44,45]. Additionally, a munber of layered materials have been reported to possess selective intercalation properties, including layered metal phosphonates [46,47], montmorUlonite [48], magnesium aluminum oxide [49], and layered double hydroxides [50-59]. 

A Versatile Class of Macrocyclic Compounds, J. Vicens, V. Bohmer, Eds., Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1991, p. 65 G. D. Andreetti, F. Ugozzoli, Inclusion Properties and Host-Guest Interactions of Calixarenes in the Solid State, ibid., p. 87. 

The solvent inclusion properties of ll-phenyl-6,ll-dihydrodibenzo[A,< ]thiepin-ll-ol 272 were investigated <2004MI44>. DMF and DMSO were both included by host 272 with a host guest ratio of 2 1 however, the presence... 

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