Immunology capsular polysaccharides

Kayhty, H., V. Karanko, H. Peltola, and P.H. Makela, Serum antibodies after vaccination with Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide and responses to reimmunization no evidence of immunologic tolerance or memory. Pediatrics, 1984. 74(5) 857-65. 

Currently, a heptavalent vaccine (Prevnar) is available for use in children. This vaccine contains the conjugated capsular polysaccharides of serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, 14, 18C, 19F, and 23F, which cause approximately 80% of pediatric pneumococcal bacteremias in the United States. The vaccine elicits a primary T-cell-dependent antibody response with the first dose and an immunologic memory effect after four doses. 

Fig. 9. Polysialic-acid-containing glycoproteins in newborn and adult rat tissues. Tissue homogenates of brain (B), liver (L), kidney (K), spleen (S), gluteal muscle (M) and heart (H) were subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and polysialic acid was detected using immunoblotting with a monoclonal antibody to the capsular polysaccharides of Escherichia coli K1 and group B meningococci [49]. (From J. Immunol. 138, June 15, 1987, 4402-4407. Copyright 1987, The Journal of Immunology.)...

A book dealing with the surface carbohydrates of prokaryotic cells has discussed, among other topics, capsular polysaccharide antigens, immunological expression, the structures of bacterial polysaccharides,and the biosynthesis of capsular polysaccharides. ... 

Immunological characterization of the capsular polysaccharides from Clostridium perfringens Hobbs. 9 and related strains has indicated that they are similar, but not identical, and composed mainly of residues of D-glucose, D-galactose, and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactose, some phosphate, and traces of peptide material. ... 

Chemical determination of the structure of the capsular polysaccharide of RhiziAnum radicicolum (377) showed the presence of the cellobiuronic acid unit, thus also relating this polysaccharide immunologically to the specific polysaccharide of pneumococcus type III. The structural unit is thought to contain a second molecule of glucose. 

Most bacterial capsules are polysaccharides with a specific structure. In many respects, the capsular polysaccharide can be considered an identifying feature of the organism. The pneumococci are divided into types (or groups) that are defined by a particular immunological precipitin reaction of the capsular polysaccharide with an antibody preparation obtained by inoculation of the polysaccharide into an animal host such as a rabbit. The reaction is usually highly specific and depends on the structure of the polysaccharide. S. pneumoniae has been found to have over 80 different immunological types and, therefore, 80 different polysaccharide structures. 

OR (RCHjCHjCjHj.NHCOCFj) has been prepared together with related eompounds as patK of the repeating unit of the capsular polysaccharide of Cr uococc r eof serogroup A. and for immunological work assoototed with lipopolysaccharides L, heptose mt ... 

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