Immunogenic proteins identification

The advent of immunoproteomics made possible the identification of highly immunogenic proteins that can be used for vaccine development. Proteins that have the greatest potential for eliciting a protective immune response are collectively referred to as the pathogen s immunome. Immunoproteomics has been utilized to characterize the immu-nome of B. anthracis for the development of a safer and equally efficacious vaccine. The immunoreactive proteins are first identified by using 2DE Western blot analysis in conjunction with mass spectrometry. In B. anthracis, for example, antisera from humans post-infected with anthrax were used to probe Western blots of its various... 

Figure 12.2. Identification of immunogenic proteins by 2DE/MALDI TOF-MS and Western blots probed with antisera from immunized animals or humans. (Reprinted from Khan, A. S. et al., 2006. Proteomics and Bioinformatics Strategies to Design Countermeasures Against Infectious Threat Agents. J. Chem. Inf. Model. 46 111-115. With permission.) (See color insert.)...

X. Peng, X. Ye, and S. Wang. Identification of Novel Immunogenic Proteins of Shigella Flexneri 2a by Proteomic Methodologies. Vaccine, 22(2004) 2750-2756. 

AP Teixeira-Gomes, A Cloeckaert, G Bezard, RA Bowden, G Dubray, MS Zygmunt. Identification and characterization of Brucella ovis immunogenic proteins using two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblotting. Electrophoresis 18 1491-1497,... 

Utt, M., Nilsson, I., Ljungh, A., and Wadstrom, T. 2002, Identification of novel immunogenic proteins of Helicobacter pylori by proteome technology. J Immunol Methods 259 1-10. 

Immunoproteomics, i.e. the comprehensive identification of immunogenic proteins from an organism such as H. pylori, is an attractive approach to determine i) antigens that could be used to increase the sensitivity and specificity of non-invasive diagnostic tools based on serology and ii) vaccine candidates. Here we discuss the current information available on the H. pylori immunoproteome and its potential for application in vaccination or diagnosis. 

The contribution of in silico models to vaccine development comprises algorithms for accelerated in silico identification of relevant protein candidates in silico design of novel immunogens with improved expression, safety, and immunogenicity profiles and in silico design of nucleic acid-based, vectored, or live attenuated vaccines. In small molecule development, in silico models play a major role in comparative genomics, whole genome analysis,... 

Horton RBV, Laversin SAS, Reeder SP, Rees RC, McArdle SEB. Identification of immunogenic MHC class II tyrosinase-derived poeptides using HLA-DRl and HLA-DR4 transgenic mice. Protein Pept Lett 2007 14 455-460. 

Lei, B., Mackie, S., Lukomski, S., and Musser, J. M. (2000) Identification and immunogenicity of group A Streptococcus culture supernatant proteins. Infect. Immun. 68, 6807-6818. 

Baker, M.P., Jones, T.D. (2007) Identification and removal of immunogenicity in therapeutic proteins. 

Gure AO, Stockert E, Scanlan MJ, Keresztes RS, Jager D, Al-torki NK, Old LJ, Chen YT (2000) Serological identification of embryonic neural proteins as highly immunogenic tumor antigens in small cell lung cancer Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97 4198-4203... 

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