Imide link

Bourgeois et al. reported a new approach227 wherein poly(arylene ether sulfone) and poly(arylene ether ketone) were functionalized with anhydride and amine chain ends, respectively, to afford imide-linked copolymers. 

Alkoxides and imido are used as anionic ligands in zirconium and titanium catalysts for the polymerisation of alkenes, sometimes as the only anions, but often in combination with cyclopentadienyl ligands. Imides linked to cyclopentadienyl groups form part of the single-site catalyst developed by Dow (Chapter 10) (Figure 1.9, 1). In very different titanium catalysts, namely those used for epoxidation of alkenes, also alkoxide ligands are used (Chapter 14). 

The Nls sianalff i a 41 consists of a main peak at 400.8 eV due to nitrogen imide linking-up the two PMDA and ODA parts. The peak at 399 eV is probably fingerprinting some isoimide content into the material (15.). ... 

Ester links between threonine and the terminal carboxyl of a peptide chain forming a lactone have been found in actinomycin (Bullock and Johnson, 1957), while Dekker et al. (1949) have found an imide link in the form of a pyrrolidonyl ring involving the N-terminal glutamic acid residue in a peptide isolated from algae. In teichoic acids (polymers present in... 

Simple imide link from asparagine or glutamine to aspartic or glutamic acids... 

Critchley et al. (7) prepared high stability amide- and imide-linked fluorocarbon polymers from perfluoroalkylene diamine intermediates of the type ... 

High thermal and oxidative stability of the imide-linked fluorocarbon ether polymers is shown by thermogravimetric analysis in air (Figure 2). The weight loss was less than 5% to a temperature of 450°C. Isothermal weight loss in air at 260°C was less than 0.3% in 112 hours for the polymer where x + y = 3. 

F. G. Mizori and S. M. Dershem. Imide-linked maleimide and polymaleim-ide compounds. US Patent 7 208 566, assigned to Designer Molecules, Inc. (San Diego, CA), April 24, 2007. 

Formation of polymers, however, was at the time considered undesirable, so the material was not pursued. It was learned since that an imide link is more thermally stable than an amide one and that polyimides can be very useful materials. Many polyimides have since been developed. Aromatic structures in the polymeric backbone raise the melting temperatures and yield stiffer and tougher materials. Most sought-after polyimides are therefore products from aromatic tetraacids (or dianhydrides) and aromatic diamines. 

Poly(amide-imide)s are formed when a triacid derivative is treated with a diamine. The resulting polymer contains both amide and imide links. One such product is prepared from trimellitic anhydride (as the acid chloride) and 4,4 -diaminodiphenylmethane as shown on page 219. 

In order to improve the mechanical properties and the heat resistance of TPE-A, other links have been investigated. For instance, a poly(ether-6-amide) with an imide link was prepared by reacting polyamide-forming monomers and a diamino polyether together with trimellitic anhydride [61]. Naphthalene-1,2,5-tricarboxylic acid can also be used for this purpose. 

Furthermore, the method was extended to an intramolecular [2-1-2]-photocycloaddition of imides linked to an allyhc alcohol or a propargyl alcohol by a chiral tether (Scheme 22). Interestingly, when l-valinol was used as a chiral auxihary, a high diastereoselectivity was also observed for the cycloaddition of the unsaturated anhydride with an alkenyl or an alkynyl unit. 

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