Imaging applications pharmaceutical

Chan KLA, Hammond SV, Kazarian SG. Applications of attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopic imaging to pharmaceutical formulations. Anal Chem 2003 75(9) 2140-2146. 

Another field of application, especially for ATR imaging, is that of pharmaceutical formulations. Here, in 2003, Chan et al. reported the first results on macro and micro ATR imaging of pharmaceutical tablets by characterizing the spatial distribution of active ingredients and excipients [19]. Further examples in this field are described in Chapter 10 of this volume. 

In this chapter, we have presented some of the recent developments and applications of ATR-FT-IR imaging to pharmaceutical samples and polymeric materials. The use of both micro and macro modes in ATR-FT-IR imaging has been discussed. Imaging in the ATR mode may be very versatile, and offers imaging with different spatial resolution and different fields of view. It is important to remember that ATR imaging provides information only about that layer of the sample which is adjacent to the surface of the ATR crystal, and that the thickness of this layer may range from a fraction of a micrometer to several micrometers. However, the opportunity exists to obtain chemical images from layers of different thickness in... 

In this chapter, we have presented some of the recent developments and applications of ATR FT-IR imaging to pharmaceutical samples, materials development, and biomedical apphcations. The use of both micromode and macromode in ATR FT-IR imaging has been discussed as have relevant examples of transmission... 

Gowen AA, Amigo JM. Applications of spectroscopy and chemical imaging in pharmaceutics. In Popp J, Tuchin VV, Chiou A, Heinemann SH, editors. Handbookof biophotonics, volume 3 photonics in pharmaceutics, bioanalysis and environmental research. Berlin Wiley 2012. 

The technique is currently not used as widely as UV, visible and infrared spectrometry partly due to the high cost of instrumentation. However, it is a powerful technique for the characterization of a wide range of natural products, raw materials, intermediates and manufactured items especially if used in conjunction with other spectrometric methods. Its ability to identify major molecular structural features is useful in following synthetic routes and to help establish the nature of competitive products, especially for manufacturers of polymers, paints, organic chemicals and pharmaceuticals. An important clinical application is NMR imaging where a three-dimensional picture of the whole or parts of a patient s body can be built up through the accumulation of proton spectra recorded over many different angles. The technique involves costly instrumentation but is preferable to... 

V.P. Wallace, PE. Taday, A.J. Fitzgerald, R.M. Woodward, J. Cluff, P.J. Pye and D.A. Arnone, Terahertz pnlsed imaging and spectroscopy for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, Faraday Discuss., 126, 255-263 (2004). 

The CISs are rapidly becoming more popular and reliable as their field of application broadens. This is mainly due to the production of surface images by multipoint scanning and mapping. Hyperspectral imaging has proven its potential for qualitative analysis of pharmaceutical products and can be used when spatial information becomes relevant for an analytical application. Even if online applications and regulatory method validation require further development, the power of CIS in quality control and PAT needs no further demonstration, whatever the wavelength domain or method of spectra collection. 

---