Hypotensive and spasmolytic

A number of 4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acids of the general formula (XVI) and their esters, amides and nitriles are claimed to possess cardiovascular, hypotensive, and spasmolytic properties [214]. Other biological activities and medicinal uses of 5-halo-substituted orotic acids, as well as those of uracil-6-sulphonic acid and related compounds, have been discussed in Part I of this review [215]. 

In essence, this identifies the rhamnosylated 4-hydroxy-benzyl isothiocyanates, carbamates and thiocarbamates as the pharmacologically active principles of the extracts. The effects of all of these compounds have been found to be similar, reversible and dose-dependent. Nitriles do not show any hypotensive effect however. Investigations on organs of several animals indicate spasmolytic properties of thiocarbamates in vitro along with the hypotensive effects (29). Nevertheless, with these studies no specific mechanism can be supposed for the hypotensive and spasmolytic effects of these thio-carbamates (57). 

This survey has also demonstrated that compounds isolated from a number of plants of this family possess a broad spectrum of biological activities such as cytotoxic, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-malarial, anthelmintic, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-oxidative, anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory and hypothermic, hypolipimenic, hypotensive and spasmolytic activities. Insecticidal, molluscicidal, nematocidal and larvicidal activities are also... 

The antimycotic activity of a number of substituted 3-(3,3,3-trichloro-2-hydroxyprop-l-yl)benzofurans has been reported. Diuretic and other activities have been observed in a number of substituted aminobenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid derivatives. a- 2-Benzofuranyl) acrylic acid has exhibited a marked depressive ataratic and hypotensive activity (61MI31200), while 5-cinnamoylbenzofurans, e.g. (499), have been examined for hypertensive, vasodilating and spasmolytic activities (70GEP1933178). 

Pyrans and fused pyrans are biologically interesting compounds with antibacterial [70], antifungal [71], and antitumor activities [72] hypotensive effects [73] and spasmolytic, hypnotic, diuretic, and insecticidal properties [74, 75], Further, multi-substituted 4/7-pyrans also constitute a structural luiit of a series of natural products... 

Collagen synthesis increased in the pulmonary arteries of rats which had been treated with monocrotaline.70 Doronine has an hypotensive effect when administered to cats.71 Senecionine and otosenine showed spasmolytic activity on the intestinal smooth muscles of mice.72... 

Mercier el al. (330) administered i.v. infusions of sodium salicylate to dogs and determined the lethal dose to be 1 g/kg. Simultaneous administration of papaverine resulted in a slight increase in the toxicity. Lettr6 et al. (331) studied the synergism of mitotic poisons and found that papaverine intensified the mitotic effect of colchicine on the growth of fibroblasts in vitro. The spasmolytic effect of khelline was augmented by small doses of papaverine (332). Therapeutic doses of khelline did not produce a hypotensive effect upon dogs, but in combination with barbiturates and papaverine a hypotensive effect was observed. 

Hypotension may occur with tubocurarine and with the spasmolytic drug tizanidine. In the case of tubocurarine, the decrease in blood pressure may be due partly to histamine release and also to ganglionic blockade. Tizanidine causes hypotension via alpha2 adrenoceptor activation like its congener clonidine. The answer is (D). 

P. a. are soluble in chloroform, ethanol, ether, and insoluble in water. Allocryptopine is a hypotensive agent, a respiratory stimulant, and a muscle relaxant. Cryptopine is a highly toxic minor alkaloid of opium. Protopine exhibits weak spasmolytic and bactericidal activities. 

Biosynthesis of phthalides is associated with biosynthesis of styrylpyrones, as both types of compounds are ketides, but phthalides are derived from aliphatic carboxylic acids (the corresponding acyl-CoAs). Phthalides in plants have various regulatory functions at the cellular level. They exhibit spasmolytic, hypotensive, sedative and diuretic effects. 

The oil and extracts have shown numerous pharmacological activities, including spasmolytic activities on isolated animal organs (smooth muscle), hypotensive activities in cats and rabbits, anticonvulsant and CNS-depressant activities (farnsworth 3 jiangsu), ... 

White quebracho alkaloids (especially aspidospermine, aspidosamine, yohimbine, quebrachamine, and akuammidine) have been reported to have numerous pharmacological properties, including hypotensive, spasmolytic, diuretic, peripheral vasoconstrictor, arterial hypertensive, respiratory stimulant, uterine... 

Methylapogalanthamine (xx), hypotensive in cats, dogs and rabbits, has adrenolytic, spasmolytic and sedative properties. It has been approved for wide clinical use in the U.S.S.rI A naphthoquinone (XXl) from the fungus Corynespora cassicola inhibits catechol-o-methyltransferase in vitro and is a hypotensive of long duration (24 hrs.) in spontaneous hypertensive rats after 12.5 mg/kg l.p. Fusaric acid (5-n-butylpicolinic acid) analogs with chlorine or bromine in the 3- and/or 4-position of the side... 

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