Cyclodextrins hydroxypropyl

Evaluating the effect of hydroxypropyl cyclodextrine (HPCD) on phenan-threne solubilization and biodegradation, showing HPCD significantly increased the apparent solubility (i.e., the bio availability) of phenanthrene, having a major impact on the biodegradation rate of phenanthrene [193]. 

The monograph of levocarbastine has already been revised. The determination of the related substances is performed by means of MEKC using an electrolyte solution composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate as a micelle-forming agent in addition to hydroxypropyl-/ -cyclodextrin in a boric acid buffer of pH 9.0. Due to the very good specificity and robustness the method is able to baseline separate the nine specified and detectable impurities and the drug substance. It is easy to meet the system suitability (Rs>4) the resolution between levocarbastine and impurity D was found to be 6.4 and the content of related substances less than 0.5% (see Figure lA and B). 

Renal function impairment Do not use itraconazole injection in patients with severe renal dysfunction (Ccr less than 30 mL/min) because of prolonged elimination of hydroxypropyl- -cyclodextrin. 

Hostettmann, K. Lederer, M. and Marston, A. (2000) A study of the cyclodextrin complexes of flavonoids and azodyes by thin layer chromatography. Part II. Hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrins, Phytochemical Analysis 11, 380-382. 

Soliman, O.A. Kimura, K. Hirayama, F. Uekama, K. El-Sabbagh, H.M. El-Gawad, A.E. Hashim, F.M. Amorphous spironolactone-hydroxypropylated cyclodextrin complexes with superior dissolution and oral bioavailability. Int. J. Pharm. 1997,149 (1), 73-83. 

Tetanus toxoid (the vaccine for tetanus) encapsulated in polyester microspheres was produced for single-injection immunization. The entrapment efficiency of the protein vaccine was significantly improved by coencapsulation with excipients such as trehalose and y-hydroxypropyl cyclodextrin. However, these excipients did not impart stabilizing effect on tetanus toxoid. In contrast, bovine serum albumin was foimd to be the most prominent stabilizer for protein in the body after administration by injection. 

PithaJ and Teruhiko H. Effect of Ethanol on Formation of Inclusion Complexes of Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrins with Testosterone or with Methyl Orange./rat JPharm 1992 243-251. 

Pitha J, Teruhiko H, Torres-Labandeira J, and Irie T. Preparation of Drug-Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrin Complexes by a Method Using Ethanol or Aqueous Ammonium Hydroxide as Cosolubilizers. IntJPharm 1992 80 253-258. 

Brewster ME, Hora MS, Simpkins JW, and Bodor N. Use of 2-Hydroxypropyl-Cyclodextrin as a Solubilizing and Stabilizing Agent for Protein Drugs. Pharm Res 1991 8 792-795. 

Backensfeld, T., Muller, B. W., Kolter, K. Interaction of NSA with cyclodextrins and hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin derivatives. Int. J. 

Deumie, JM, KLP Kubat and DM Wagnerova (2000). Supramolecular sensitizer Complexation of meso-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin with 2-hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrins. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A Chemistry, 130(1), 13-20. 

Because of their polar hydrophilic outer shell and relatively hydrophobic cavity, cyclodextrins are able to form inclusion complexes with a wide variety of suitable hydrophobic molecules (4) eg, nonpolar hydrocarbons, polar carboxylic acid, and amine derivatives (Fig. 2, Table 2). This phenomenon leads to significant changes of the solubility and reactivity of the guest molecules without any chemical modification. Water-insoluble molecules become completely water-soluble by treatment with aqueous solution of native cyclodextrins or their derivatives, eg, methylated or hydroxypropylated cyclodextrins. 

K.P.R. Chowdary, and S.V. Srinivas, Influence of hydrophilic polymers on celecoxib complexation with hydroxypropyl- -cyclodextrin, AAPS PharmSciTech, 7 (3), E1-E6,2006. 

Extended Hydrogen Bonding Groups Bonded P-Acetylated (CB-AC) and Bonded P-Hydroxypropylated Cyclodextrins (CB-SP), (CB-RSP),... 

In addition to the CB-DM, the literature has cited the P-hydroxypropylated cyclodextrin (in the racemic form of hydroxypropyl) (CB-RSP) as the best complementary phase for this type of mechanism where steric bulk as well as hydrogen bonding can play a role in enantioseparation for any fused ring structure. The third most cited phase in this area is the P-acetylated cyclodextrin (CB-AC). More detailed description of these later two phases is given below. 

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